. Electric railway journal . g the circuitbreaker in while inspecting the controllers on a car isthus reduced. Individual Blow-Out Coils The latest General Electric controllers have individualblow-out coils and arc chutes for each finger or group March 27, 1915] ELECTRIC RAILWAY JOURNAL 637 of fingers instead of a single blow-out coil for the entirecontroller, as was formerly used. These coils have steelcores, and the steel flanges which are riveted to thesecores are in turn fastened to the finger bases. Steelplates are also imbedded in the arc deflectors so thatthey direct the lines of force


. Electric railway journal . g the circuitbreaker in while inspecting the controllers on a car isthus reduced. Individual Blow-Out Coils The latest General Electric controllers have individualblow-out coils and arc chutes for each finger or group March 27, 1915] ELECTRIC RAILWAY JOURNAL 637 of fingers instead of a single blow-out coil for the entirecontroller, as was formerly used. These coils have steelcores, and the steel flanges which are riveted to thesecores are in turn fastened to the finger bases. Steelplates are also imbedded in the arc deflectors so thatthey direct the lines of force through the arc chutes ina direction parallel to the shaft. This insures a veryefficient blow-out and minimizes burning and the con-sequent repairs to contacts and fingers. Motor Cars Supplant Horses in Viennafor Drayage BY LUDWIG SPANGLER, DIRECTOR VIENNA MUNICIPALTRAMWAYS Owing to the war most of Viennas heavy automobiletrucks, horses and vehicle operators have been drawnupon for military duty, thereby making difficult the. WAR-TIME TRANSPORT IN VIENNA—PULLING COAL WAGONS ON A CURVE cheap and skilful transportation of freight throughoutthe city. We are therefore adapting our electric rail-ways for that purpose so far as possible. The same con-dition holds true also throughout Austria-Hungary. A most important new field for the electric railwayis the hauling of coal and coke from the steam railroadwarehouses and gas plants to large city depots and re-tail dealers. In Vienna the direct use of the electricrailway for this purpose is often impracticable becausethe coal is delivered to several widely-scattered termi-nals and the coke also must be taken from two different


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