. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. Contribution from the Bureau of Chemistry W. G. CAMPBELL, Acting Chief And the University of Idaho, A. H. UPHAM President. M^SJV Washington, D. C. December 5, 1921 THE DISTILLATION OF STUMPWOOD AND LOGGING WASTE OF WESTERN YELLOW PINE. By M. G. Donk, Assistant Chemist, Leather and Paper Laboratory, Bureau of Chemistry, C. H. Shattuck, Professor of Forestry, and W. D. Marshall, Research Fellow, Forestry Department, University of CONTENTS. Importance of western yellow pine 1 Distribution of western yellow pine_ 2
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. Contribution from the Bureau of Chemistry W. G. CAMPBELL, Acting Chief And the University of Idaho, A. H. UPHAM President. M^SJV Washington, D. C. December 5, 1921 THE DISTILLATION OF STUMPWOOD AND LOGGING WASTE OF WESTERN YELLOW PINE. By M. G. Donk, Assistant Chemist, Leather and Paper Laboratory, Bureau of Chemistry, C. H. Shattuck, Professor of Forestry, and W. D. Marshall, Research Fellow, Forestry Department, University of CONTENTS. Importance of western yellow pine 1 Distribution of western yellow pine_ 2 Purpose of investigation 13 Taking samples 15 Distillation of samples; 22 Crude products of retort distillation- 31 Products obtained in refining crude turpentine 37 Calculation of yields of refined tur- pentine and pine oil 41 Page. Commercial distillation processes 43 Feasibility of distilling western yel- low pine 46 Relation of wood distillation to land clearing 51 Small, semi-portable wood-distilling plants 53 Use of oil for ore flotation 54 Refining crude wood turpentine 56 Summary 67 Literature cited 69 IMPORTANCE OF WESTERN YELLOW PINE. Western yellow pine (Firms ponderosa) is the most widely dis- tributed of the western commercial softwoods (4, 10)2 (fig. 1). The Forest Service estimates the amount of standing timber of this species to be approximately 335,000,000,000 board feet, or more than that of any other species except Douglas fir (6). The reported cut for this species for 1917 was 1,862,914,815 board feet. This repre- sents an area of more than 350,000 acres of land annually cleared and left covered with stumps after logging operations. About one-- third of this is within the national forests and is generally of little value for agriculture, because of the roughness of the land. Much of the remaining two-thirds, however, is valuable for crops. 1 The sections on the importance and distribution *of the western yellow pine are by C. H. Shattuck. The report of the
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