. Eastern forest insects . COURTESY CONN. AGR. EXPT. STA. Figure 24.—Masses of male cocoons of the red-pine scale, Matsucoccus resinosa, on lower side of branch axil. much farther northward than its present range. The cutting and removal of infested trees is effective in reducing the rate of local spread. Matsucoccus gallicola Morrison, the pine twig gall scale, is also an important tree-infesting species. Its hosts include pitch, short- leaf, table mountain, Virginia, ponderosa, loblolly, and spruce pines. It has been recorded from New England to Florida, and west to Ohio and Missouri. Trees
. Eastern forest insects . COURTESY CONN. AGR. EXPT. STA. Figure 24.—Masses of male cocoons of the red-pine scale, Matsucoccus resinosa, on lower side of branch axil. much farther northward than its present range. The cutting and removal of infested trees is effective in reducing the rate of local spread. Matsucoccus gallicola Morrison, the pine twig gall scale, is also an important tree-infesting species. Its hosts include pitch, short- leaf, table mountain, Virginia, ponderosa, loblolly, and spruce pines. It has been recorded from New England to Florida, and west to Ohio and Missouri. Trees of all sizes, from three-year-old seedlings to mature specimens, are attacked. Mature females are generally much flattened and about 2 to 5 mm. long. They deposit their eggs under bark scales on the larger branches and trunks. Heavy infestations may be quite injurious, especially to young trees. Damage appears to have been most severe to pitch pine in the Northeast (579). Matsucoccus alabamae Morrison has been observed feeding in cracks and crevices of heavy bark on pines in Alabama; and M. matsumurae (Kuw.) infests Virginia and pitch pines on Long Island. Xylococculus betulae (Perg.) occurs in eastern Canada and from New England to Virginia. Its hosts are paper and yellow birches and beech. Adults are orange-red, about 4 mm. long, and covered with white wax. Females live and deposit eggs in cells in the bark. Young larvae crawl from these cells into lenticels and roughened spots on the bark to feed. Here, they lose their legs and produce a mass of wax around themselves, forming pearllike cells (645). Honeydew is excreted through hairlike tubes up to 2 inches long. Large necrotic areas develop in infested areas on 96
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookcollectionbiodive, booksubjectforestinsects
