The American seaman James (called William) Norris, inhumanely chained in the insane asylum of Bedlam Hospital for 12 years. Interest in his case generated enthusiasm for asylum reform. Engraving by Etienne Esquirol, 1838, after a drawing from the life by G. Arnald 1814. Colorized.

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Photo credit: © Science History Images / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No

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