. Slavery and four years of war : a political history of slavery in the United States, together with a narrative of the campaigns and battles of the Civil War in which the author took part, 1861-1865 . ichturned it back, and its mission failed. Slapped in themouth was the opprobrious epithet used to express this in-sult to the United States. This was not the shot that sum-moned the North to arms. It was, however, the first angrygun fired by a citizen of the Union against his countrys flag,and it announced the dawn of civil war. When this shot wasfired, only South Carolina had passed an Ordinan
. Slavery and four years of war : a political history of slavery in the United States, together with a narrative of the campaigns and battles of the Civil War in which the author took part, 1861-1865 . ichturned it back, and its mission failed. Slapped in themouth was the opprobrious epithet used to express this in-sult to the United States. This was not the shot that sum-moned the North to arms. It was, however, the first angrygun fired by a citizen of the Union against his countrys flag,and it announced the dawn of civil war. When this shot wasfired, only South Carolina had passed an Ordinance of Seces-sion ; the Confederate States were not yet formed. On the night of December 26, i860, Major Robert Anderson,in command of the land forces, forts, and defences at Charles-ton, South Carolina, being threatened by armed secessiontroops, and regarding his position at Fort Moultrie, on Sulli-vans Island, untenable if attacked from the land side, as amatter of precaution, without orders from his superiors, butpossessing complete authority within the limits of his com-mand, removed his small force, consisting of only sixty-fivesoldiers, from Fort Moultrie to Fort Sumter, where, at high 158. GENERAL ULYSSES S. GRANT, U. S. A.(^From a photograph taken in 1865.) Sumter Fired on and Preparations for War 159 noon of the next day, after a solenmn prayer by his chaplain,the Stars and Stripes were run up on a flagstaff, to float intriumph only for a short time, then to be insulted and shotdown, not to again be unfurled over the same fort until fouryears of war had intervened. An ineffectual effort was made by Governor Pickens of SouthCarolina to induce Major Anderson by demands and threatsto return to his defenceless position at Fort Moultrie. Presi-dent Buchanan, at the instigation of his Secretary of War,Floyd, was on the point of ordering him to do so, but whenthe matter was considered in a Cabinet meeting, other counselsprevailed, and Floyd made this his excuse for leaving the
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