. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. RENILLA BEHAVIOR 519 movement, burial by shifting sediment, and displacement from the substrate are discussed. Secondly, the species-specific escape behavior from the nudibranch, Armina californica, and other predator interactions are described; and thirdly, the food and mode of feeding of the colony are considered. These behavioral pat- terns are particularly adaptive to and influential in the local distribution of the species. MATERIALS AND METHODS Field observations and experiments were conducted using SCUBA equipment in
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. RENILLA BEHAVIOR 519 movement, burial by shifting sediment, and displacement from the substrate are discussed. Secondly, the species-specific escape behavior from the nudibranch, Armina californica, and other predator interactions are described; and thirdly, the food and mode of feeding of the colony are considered. These behavioral pat- terns are particularly adaptive to and influential in the local distribution of the species. MATERIALS AND METHODS Field observations and experiments were conducted using SCUBA equipment in water depths of 3 to 15 meters. The primary study site was at Zuma Beach, Los Angeles County, California, a 6 kilometer long, southwest-facing sand beach, 35 kilometers northwest of Los Angeles, California. The beach is exposed to the open ocean and the surf ranges from to meters in height throughout the year. Comparative observations were made at Santa Barbara Harbor, Santa Barbara County and at Scripps Beach, San Diego County, California. Laboratory observa- tions and experiments were conducted at the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Santa Catalina Marine Biological Laboratory. The experimental animals were collected by hand and maintained at ambient sea temperatures in both closed (UCLA) and open (SCMBL) circulating seawater systems. The effects of water flow on Renilla were studied in both field and laboratory. In the laboratory animals were allowed to anchor in a layer of coarse sand in various sized aquaria. A water current was directed across the upper surface of the colony from a plastic tube cm in diameter. Velocities were measured with UJ u_ o o: UJ CD 50*. 0 10 20 30 TIME AFTER STAINING (days) FIGURE 1. Laboratory survival of dyed (boxes) and tuidyed (closed circles) R. kollikcrl. The animals were maintained at 13° C. No significant difference in survivorship was observed (P > ; chi-square test).. Please note that these images are ext
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Keywords: ., bookauthorlilliefrankrat, booksubjectbiology, booksubjectzoology
