The Locomotive . becausethey require a much higher temperature to make them settle their chemical makeup be changed by making them reactwith some other substance they will precipitate as scale in the boiler,the calcium sulphate forming a particularly hard, flint-like chemical commonly us^d to combat this is soda ash (sodiumcarbonate). Its effect is to break down the calcium sulphate andform sodium sulphate and calcium carbonate. The danger of this treatment lies in introducing too much sodaash. Of course one of the resulting ingredients is sodium sulphate —a very effecti
The Locomotive . becausethey require a much higher temperature to make them settle their chemical makeup be changed by making them reactwith some other substance they will precipitate as scale in the boiler,the calcium sulphate forming a particularly hard, flint-like chemical commonly us^d to combat this is soda ash (sodiumcarbonate). Its effect is to break down the calcium sulphate andform sodium sulphate and calcium carbonate. The danger of this treatment lies in introducing too much sodaash. Of course one of the resulting ingredients is sodium sulphate —a very effective protecting, agent which we will discuss later — but,in spite of that, when soda ash is used on feed water naturally lowin sulphate hardness there is great danger of adding so much of itthat there will not be enough sodium sulphate to afford a later paragraph we will learn what minimum proportion sodiumsulphate must bear to soda ash to prevent embrittlement. I92f THE L. O C O M C) T I V E 103. Creek water used in the boiler to which this cast steel blow-off pad wasattached was naturally free from sodium carbonate. However, a method offeed-water treatvieiit produced a sodium carbonate to sodium sulphate ratioof about 12 to I. According to Messrs. Parr and Straub, another way naturally safewaters may possibly be changed into the embrittling kind is by useof a water treatment which turns calcium and magnesium carbonatesinto sodium carbonate, and calcium and magnesium sulphates intosodium sulphate. Here again the danger lies in using the treatmenton water having a higher carbonate than sulphate content. There is still another condition under which water of an embrittlingnature is found. In some parts of the United States there occursnaturally a water with an appreciable amount of sodium carbonatebut little or no sodium sulphate. Such water, even without treat-ment, is capable of causing embrittlement. The reader should bear in mind that where embrittlement has o
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