. Concrete silos; a booklet of practical information for the farmer and the rural contractor. Concrete; Silage. 26 CONCRETE SILOS. The Element of Waste All available data tend to show that the waste of silage in silos built of concrete is fully as small, if not smaller, than in silos of any other material. Of 50 silos in the states of Illinois, Michigan, Wis- consin, Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky and Missouri, on which reliable data was obtained, 25 showed a loss of less than one-half ton of silage from all causes, 18 showed a loss be- tween one-half ton and two tons, and 7 showed a loss of more tha
. Concrete silos; a booklet of practical information for the farmer and the rural contractor. Concrete; Silage. 26 CONCRETE SILOS. The Element of Waste All available data tend to show that the waste of silage in silos built of concrete is fully as small, if not smaller, than in silos of any other material. Of 50 silos in the states of Illinois, Michigan, Wis- consin, Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky and Missouri, on which reliable data was obtained, 25 showed a loss of less than one-half ton of silage from all causes, 18 showed a loss be- tween one-half ton and two tons, and 7 showed a loss of more than two tons. In terms of percentage of the total silage in each silo, it was found that thirty-four had an annual loss of less than one per cent, thirteen had a loss between one and three per cent, three had a loss greater than three per cent. The greatest loss in any case was about six per cent. These figures are somewhat lower than those recorded at some of the state agricultural colleges, probably for the reason that the col- lege dairymen are more particular than the average farmer, rejecting silage which the latter would con- sider fit for use. It may be stated conservatively that with silage crop in good condition when put in, properly tramped down and fed out at the rate of 2 inches or more per day, the loss in concrete silos of either the monolithic or block type will seldom, if ever, reach 5 per cent. There is practically no waste in cases where the cattle are placed upon a silage ration as soon as filling is completed. Where this is not done, the waste is minimized by wetting and tramping the silage down and planting oats or rye on top, as previously suggested. The Effects of Freezing The subject of frozen silage has attracted considerable attention, more perhaps than its just due. The fact has been pretty well established that freezing is an inconvenience rather than a real det- riment. Silage which has been frozen has to be handled an extra time, being either pitched
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