George Villiers 2nd Duke of Buckingham 1628 1687 English statesman poet
George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, KG, PC, FRS (10 January 1628 – 16 April 1687), was an English statesman and poet. In the Civil War he fought for the King, and took part in the attack on Lichfield Close in April 1643. Under the care of the Earl of Northumberland, George and his brother travelled abroad and lived in Florence and Rome. When the Second Civil War broke out they joined Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland in Surrey, in July 1648. Francis was killed near Kingston upon Thames but the Duke succeeded in escaping to the Netherlands. Because of his participation in the rebellion, his lands, which had been restored to him in 1647 on account of his youth, were confiscated and given to his future father-in-law, Thomas, Lord Fairfax, who refused to compound. On September 19, 1649, Charles II conferred on him the Order of the Garter (KG) and admitted him to his Privy Council on 6 April 1650. In opposition to Hyde, Buckingham supported the alliance with the Scottish presbyterians, accompanied Charles to Scotland in June, and allied himself with the Marquess of Argyll, dissuading Charles from joining the Royalist plot of October 1650, and being suspected of betraying the plan to the covenanting leaders. That May, he had been appointed general of the eastern association in England, and was sent to raise forces abroad; the following year, he was chosen to lead the projected movement in Lancashire and to command the Scottish royalists. He was with Charles at the Battle of Worcester on September 3, 1651, but escaped alone to Rotterdam in October. His subsequent negotiations with Oliver Cromwell's government, and his readiness to sacrifice the interests of the church, separated him from the rest of Charles's advisers and diminished his influence. His estrangement from the royal family was completed by his audacious courtship of the king's widowed sister Mary, Princess of Orange, and by a money dispute with Charles.
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