. Report of the Connecticut Pomological Society. deep enough to receive the longtap-roots on account of a ledge which came near thesurface of the ground, so that from about one-half thenumber of seedlings the tap-roots were removed by cuttingaway the lower half of each. All but three of the 150trees lived and grew, which goes to show that the naturaltap-root is not essential to the vigor of the tree. I mentionthis because many believe that it is necessary, and that todestroy it is fatal to the tree. The first season about fifty shellbark cions were set inthese seedlings and in natural sprouts
. Report of the Connecticut Pomological Society. deep enough to receive the longtap-roots on account of a ledge which came near thesurface of the ground, so that from about one-half thenumber of seedlings the tap-roots were removed by cuttingaway the lower half of each. All but three of the 150trees lived and grew, which goes to show that the naturaltap-root is not essential to the vigor of the tree. I mentionthis because many believe that it is necessary, and that todestroy it is fatal to the tree. The first season about fifty shellbark cions were set inthese seedlings and in natural sprouts that were found onthe Station grounds. The sprouts were mostly of thespecies known as Mocker-nut (//. alba). Several methodsof grafting were employed. Cleft, tongue and bark graft-ing and side and flute budding, both above and belowground were practiced. Some were waxed and otherscovered with the moist earth. Some of the cions weredipped in water after preparing them for the stock, andothers were not dipped. Two cions started and put out their. CHESTNUT CLEFT GRAFT-RIDGELY May a growth of over six feet the first season. NINTH ANNUAL MEETING. 107 first leaves, and I was quite encouraged, but these finally-withered and died. The following season, 1897, the workwas repeated, and about the same number of cions set, butnone of them grew. The seedlings were allowed toremain in nursery rows and during the past season aboutfifty cions were set in ^tliem. These also failed to making these grafts, the greatest care was exercisedand the incisions and cuts were smooth and the cions madeto fit the stocks. I had previously been informed that ifthe grafts were made below the surface of the groundthere would be little trouble about making them take,but whether above or below the surface it seemed to makelittle difference. Chestnuts are much easier to graft than the hickories,and chestnut-grafting has been practiced quite the seasons of 1895 and 189
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