. Electric railway journal . ghway by the tracks of a railroad or streetrailway will be approved, unless the testimony clearlyestablishes an imperious necessity and the fact that noconstruction than that at grade is possible. A largenumber of the crossing proceedings filed during the pastyear were for the abolition of dangerous grade cross-ings, or the construction of industrial sidings across Meter testing and calibration for both utilities andtheir consumers are problems which have been under-taken to widely varying extent by the different statecommissions. In many instances these tests are


. Electric railway journal . ghway by the tracks of a railroad or streetrailway will be approved, unless the testimony clearlyestablishes an imperious necessity and the fact that noconstruction than that at grade is possible. A largenumber of the crossing proceedings filed during the pastyear were for the abolition of dangerous grade cross-ings, or the construction of industrial sidings across Meter testing and calibration for both utilities andtheir consumers are problems which have been under-taken to widely varying extent by the different statecommissions. In many instances these tests are requiredof the utilities themselves. In Pennsylvania a verycomplete laboratory has been equipped for this purposeunder the direction of H. B. Pratt. A building nearthe Capitol in Harrisburg has been adapted for thispurpose, in which two floors are devoted to a very com-plete installation of electrical generating and testingequipment. Several independent forms of electricalenergy are provided from remote-controlled motor gen-. MEMBERS OF THE PENNSYLVANIA PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSIONTop row, left to right, Samuel M. Clement, Jr. ; William D. B. Ainey, chairman; S. Ray Shelby. Bottom row, left to right. James S. Benn, John W. Reed, John S. Rilling, Milton J. Brecht. public highways to serve manufacturing plants. Inevery case where the commission approves a grade cross-ing, such approval is made subject to conditions which,in the opinion of the commission, protect and safeguardthe public. Classification of the utilities show there are twenty-seven different classes, including transportation utili-ties such as airplane companies, which makes an ad-mirable provision for the future. The present commis-sion allows this department no jurisdiction over munici-pal utilities but only gives it power over those privatelyowned, a feature differing radically from most statecommissions. Jitney regulation was established in thisstate among the first. erators located in the basement of the laborator


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