. Chambers's encyclopedia; a dictionary of universal knowledge for the people. these areprepared by women in the poppy-fields, and withthese is a cup filled with a sticky fluid called leivah,made from opium of inferior quality. The operator OPIUM. begins bis work by taking the bi-ass cup and placingon its bottom one of the cakes of poppy ))ctals, whichhe smears over with the k-wah; then adds othercakes of petals to overlap and adlierc to the first,until the cup is lined and a coat of jietals is thnsformed for the opium, ot which he takes the exactquantity as near as he can guess, works it into
. Chambers's encyclopedia; a dictionary of universal knowledge for the people. these areprepared by women in the poppy-fields, and withthese is a cup filled with a sticky fluid called leivah,made from opium of inferior quality. The operator OPIUM. begins bis work by taking the bi-ass cup and placingon its bottom one of the cakes of poppy ))ctals, whichhe smears over with the k-wah; then adds othercakes of petals to overlap and adlierc to the first,until the cup is lined and a coat of jietals is thnsformed for the opium, ot which he takes the exactquantity as near as he can guess, works it into a ball,and places it in the basin, so that the lining of petalsencloses it and sticks to it, in consequence of theItwah smeared on the inner side of the thin cakesof jietals. Other petals are put on the upper part ofthe ball, and the whole gathered round it, forminga carts about as thick as a liank-note. Each manswork for the day is kept by itself, and after havingbeen duly registered, is taken to a vast drying-room(lig. 5), where the balls are placed iu tiers on lattice-. Fig. 5. work racks, and are continually turned and exam-ined by boys, to keep them from insects and otherinjuries. After being fully dried, these balls ai-epacked in chests for the market. The manufacture f>f opium is carried on to thegreatest extent iu India, but large quantities are alsomade in Turkey, and this latter is considered thebest in quality. It is also made at Trelnzond inPersia, and in Egypt; occasionally jt has been pro-duced in Germany, France, and England. Of theIndian opium there are several qualities, as Bengal,Patna or Benares opium. Garden Iatna, Malwa,line Malwa, Cutch, and Kandeish opium. The quantity ex])orted from India in I860 was58,681 chests, or 3929 tons, the value of which wasje9,054,39;i. Of this, China alone took 54,863 chests,ot the value of £8,.36C, In 1865, the quantityexported was increased to 84,492 chests, or 6293 tons,of the value of £9,911,804; and Clunas shar
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