Diseases of cattle, sheep, goats Diseases of cattle, sheep, goats and swine diseasesofcattle00mous Year: 1920 532 DISEASES OF THE KIDNEYS. Causation Anything wliich obstructs the discharge of urine through the ureters may cause hydro-nephrosis. Thus, vesical tumours pressing on the orifices of the ureters, calculi which have become fixed in them, torsion or ' kinking ' of the ureters, may bring about hj'dro-nephrosis. The urine secreted by the kidney being unable to escape, accumulates in the pelvis of the kidney, in the ureter, and uriniferous tubules, producing dull colic, which escapes ob
Diseases of cattle, sheep, goats Diseases of cattle, sheep, goats and swine diseasesofcattle00mous Year: 1920 532 DISEASES OF THE KIDNEYS. Causation Anything wliich obstructs the discharge of urine through the ureters may cause hydro-nephrosis. Thus, vesical tumours pressing on the orifices of the ureters, calculi which have become fixed in them, torsion or ' kinking ' of the ureters, may bring about hj'dro-nephrosis. The urine secreted by the kidney being unable to escape, accumulates in the pelvis of the kidney, in the ureter, and uriniferous tubules, producing dull colic, which escapes observation, or the exact cause of which is not discovered, because the second kidney vicariously acts for the one affected, and urination continues regularly. Secretion continu- ing in spite of the ob- struction, that portion of the ureter above the ob- structed point, together with the pelvis and the uriniferous tubules, gradually becomes di- lated, until the whole mass of the kidney is hypertrophied. Fig. 228.—Hydro-nephrosis of the kidney. The ureter some- times becomes enlarged to the size of a man's L '' -/ JF arm, the kidney double, \ ?*'-—--Ksr— ' ,, - -''g treble, or quadruple its normal side : the inter- lobular divisions are lost, and each circum- scribed lobule soon forms a cystic cavity varying in size. The pressure due to the accumulated urine causes the renal tissue, first the medullary substance and afterwards the peripheral zone, to undergo atrophy. The kidney is represented by a vast C3\stic cavity, and the lobules by culs-de-sac; the cortical layer may become atrophied to such a degree as to form merely a fibrous sheath, the primary constituent elements of which are difficult to discover. From 20 to 40 pints of liquid may sometimes be found in the cystic kidney. Diagnosis. The condition is rarely diagnosed, because, as one of the kidneys contiinies to act, no acute disturbance follows. Only in cases where the cystic kidney projects into the flank ar
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