. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. "Pioneer," about igoi. scene unknown. Norrell.) {Photo courtesy of Thomas seeled by the 8-vvheel engine. The desire to operate longer trains and the need for engines of greater trac- tion to overcome the steep grades of American roads called for coupled driving wheels and machines of greater weight than the 4—2-0. After the introduction of the 4 4 0, the single-axle engine received little attention in this country except for light service or such special tasks as inspection or dummy engines. There was, however, a renewed interest i
. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. "Pioneer," about igoi. scene unknown. Norrell.) {Photo courtesy of Thomas seeled by the 8-vvheel engine. The desire to operate longer trains and the need for engines of greater trac- tion to overcome the steep grades of American roads called for coupled driving wheels and machines of greater weight than the 4—2-0. After the introduction of the 4 4 0, the single-axle engine received little attention in this country except for light service or such special tasks as inspection or dummy engines. There was, however, a renewed interest in ^singles''. Figure 12. I in "Pioneer" in Carlisle, Pa., 1901. (Photo courtesy oj Thomas Norrell.) in the early 1850's because of \V. B. Adams' experi- ments with light passenger locomotives in England. In 1850 Adams built a light single-axle tank locomotive for the Eastern Counties Railway which proved very economical for light passenger traffic. It was such a success that considerable interest in light locomotives was generated in this country as well as in England. Nearly 100 single-axle locomotives were built in the United States between about 1845-1870. These engines were built by nearly every well-known maker, from Hinkley in Boston to the Vulcan Foundry in San Francisco. Danforth Cooke & Co. of Paterson built a standard pattern 4— 2—4 used by many roads. One of these, the C. P. Huntington, survives to the present time. The following paragraphs describe the mechanical details of the Pioneer as it appears on exhibition in the Smithsonian Institution's new Museum of History and Technology. The boiler is the most important and costly part of a steam locomotive, representing one-fourth to one- third of the total cost. A poorly built or designed boiler will produce a poor locomotive no matter how well made the remainder of mechanism. The boiler of the Pioneer is of the wagon-top, crownbar, fire-tube 252 Bl I ! I TIN 240: CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE MUSEUM OF HI
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