. Commissioners' report . en inches; tarsus ; middle toe Habitat.—Chiefly the interior of North America, breeding from Iowa toDakota northward, but principally far north. It arrives during its migration veryearly in the spring, some say earlier than geese, and returns late in the fall. Itshabits are much the same as those of the preceding species, hence it is not neces-sary to describe them. It is a larger bird. Audubon mentions having taken onewhich weighed thirty-eight pounds, but the average is about eighteen or twentypounds. ^7 (c). 360 SUB-FAMILY ANSERINE.—THE GEESE.
. Commissioners' report . en inches; tarsus ; middle toe Habitat.—Chiefly the interior of North America, breeding from Iowa toDakota northward, but principally far north. It arrives during its migration veryearly in the spring, some say earlier than geese, and returns late in the fall. Itshabits are much the same as those of the preceding species, hence it is not neces-sary to describe them. It is a larger bird. Audubon mentions having taken onewhich weighed thirty-eight pounds, but the average is about eighteen or twentypounds. ^7 (c). 360 SUB-FAMILY ANSERINE.—THE GEESE. Of the geese which visit Ontario either regularly or occasionally we maymention at most six varieties, two of which may be said to constitute one species^viz.: Bernicula Canadensis—Canada Goose. Bernicula Canadensis, Hutchinsii—Hutchins Goose. Brenta Bernicula—Brant. Chen Hyperborea, Nivalis—Greater Snow Goose. Chen Caerulescens—The Blue-winged Goose. Anser Albifrons, Gambelli—American White-fronted o 361 BERNICULA CANADENSIS (Baird). THE CANADA GOOSE. Specific Character.—Head and neck deep black, the former with a whitepatch covering the throat and extending up over the cheeks to behind the eyes,growing gradually narrower above, the upper outline usually more or less trun-cated ; this white patch, however, sometimes interrupted on the throat by a nar-row black stripe or isthmus. Very rarely a broad-white band more or lessdistinctly indicated, crosses the forehead between the eyes. Back of neck fre-quently bordered below by a white collar more or less distinct. Upper surfacegrayish brown, varying from almost cinereous to umber, each featiier borderedterminally by a paler shade ; lower parts with the exposed surface of about thesame shade as the tips of the feather of the upper part, the concealed portion ofthe feathers of the shade of the prevailing colour above—this much along the sidesand on the flanks. Primaries and their coverts plain dusky, the
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