. Sheet metal workers' manual; a complete, practical instruction book on the sheet metal industry, machinery and tools, and related subjects, including the oxy-acetylen welding and cutting process . ons of lead and solder generally used is composed of half tin and halflead, commonly called half-and-half. It melts at about370 degrees Fahrenheit. A better flowing solder, onehaving more resistance to stress, is composed of 60 percent tin and 40 per cent lead. It melts at about 340degrees F. The latter is the best possible combination,with the objection, however, that it is very costly. So
. Sheet metal workers' manual; a complete, practical instruction book on the sheet metal industry, machinery and tools, and related subjects, including the oxy-acetylen welding and cutting process . ons of lead and solder generally used is composed of half tin and halflead, commonly called half-and-half. It melts at about370 degrees Fahrenheit. A better flowing solder, onehaving more resistance to stress, is composed of 60 percent tin and 40 per cent lead. It melts at about 340degrees F. The latter is the best possible combination,with the objection, however, that it is very costly. Soldering —Furnaces for heating solderingcoppers are made to burn gasoline, gas, oil, and fire pot shown in Figure 126 is well adapted forburning charcoal. Gas furnaces, as shown in Figures128, 129, are most generally used; their greatest point ofsuperiority being in the continuous supply of fuel. 178 SHEET METAL WORKERS MANUAL SOLDERING COPPERS Soldering coppers of different sizes, suitable for differ-ent kinds of work (Figures 130-133) should be includedin every shop equipment, and can be obtained in variousweights. A small copper should not be used on heavy work, as. Figure 157.—u, Soldering Copper for Tinware, Applied to VerticalSeam ; 6, Bottom Copper. it cannot contain enough heat to allow the solder to flowand sweat into the joint as it should. When the smallcopper is applied to the metal, it becomes cool quickly,with the result that the workman wastes much time intrying to keep the coppers hot, or in soldering with rela-tively cold coppers, which means poor work. After select- SHEET METAL WORK AND PATTERN DRAFTING 179 ing coppers of suitable weight for the work at hand, thenext point to consider is the required shape. Forging and Tinning Coppers.—Soldering coppers areforged to any desired shape by placing the copper in thefurnace and heating it to a dark cherry color. The drossand scale is removed by means of a coarse file; the copperis then f
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