. Text book of vertebrate zoology. Vertebrates; Anatomy, Comparative. Fig. 325. Illustrating the hinging and movements of the maxilla and other bones in the birds; modified from Boas, y, jugal; .\', nares; O, orbit; P, palatine; /'T', pterygoid ; (?, quadrate. The quadrate is freely movable. In the floor of the skull appear three bones which in part replace the parasphenoid of the ich- thyopsida. These are, behind, a pair of basitemporals (fused in the adult), and, in front, a me- dian rostrum. The rami of the lower jaw are anchylosed at the symphysis. The relations of palatines, pterygoids, a
. Text book of vertebrate zoology. Vertebrates; Anatomy, Comparative. Fig. 325. Illustrating the hinging and movements of the maxilla and other bones in the birds; modified from Boas, y, jugal; .\', nares; O, orbit; P, palatine; /'T', pterygoid ; (?, quadrate. The quadrate is freely movable. In the floor of the skull appear three bones which in part replace the parasphenoid of the ich- thyopsida. These are, behind, a pair of basitemporals (fused in the adult), and, in front, a me- dian rostrum. The rami of the lower jaw are anchylosed at the symphysis. The relations of palatines, pterygoids, and vomers show- many variations, and have been used as a basis of classification of birds. Although this classi- fication has not obtained accept- ance, the conditions are fre- quently used as characters, and may be described here. In the dromaeognathous skulls the vomers form a broad bone separating the rostrum from the palatines (Fig. 326), and occa- sionally from the pterygoids. In all others the palatines and pterygoids articulate with the rostrum, but they differ in other respects. In the desmognathous type the vomer is more or less Fig. •!26. Skull of ostrich (dro- ,. , l-i ^i -n ,i , N ^, w ^/ rudimentary, while the maxillo- moeognathous type). //, palatine; //, _ -' pterygoid; r, rostrum; I/, vomer. palatine processes Unite in the. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Kingsley, J. S. (John Sterling), 1854-1929. New York, H. Holt and Company
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