. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Veterinary anatomy. THE CRANIAL OR ENCEPHALIC NERVES. 887 1. Those forming the bronchial plexus. 2. Those constituting the esophageal nerves. COLLATEEAL BRANCHES OF THE PnEUMOGASTRIC Nerve.—1. Filaments of the Inferior Cervical Ganglion.—Always very slender, these sometimes come from the pharyngeal ramuscule. 2. Pharyngeal Nerve (Fig. 459,15).—Originat- ing from the pneumogastric nerve at the middle part of the superior cervical ganglion, the pharyngeal passes forwards and downwards on the side of the guttural pouch, and gains the upper fa
. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Veterinary anatomy. THE CRANIAL OR ENCEPHALIC NERVES. 887 1. Those forming the bronchial plexus. 2. Those constituting the esophageal nerves. COLLATEEAL BRANCHES OF THE PnEUMOGASTRIC Nerve.—1. Filaments of the Inferior Cervical Ganglion.—Always very slender, these sometimes come from the pharyngeal ramuscule. 2. Pharyngeal Nerve (Fig. 459,15).—Originat- ing from the pneumogastric nerve at the middle part of the superior cervical ganglion, the pharyngeal passes forwards and downwards on the side of the guttural pouch, and gains the upper face of the pharynx, where it terminates in forming a plexus with the pharyngeal branch of the ninth pair. This is a sensory-branch. It gives off a large division that passes backwards to the surface of the middle and posterior constrictor muscles, to which it gives branches, and, throwing off a filament to the external laryngeal nerve, reaches the commencement of the oesophagus ; it descends on the outside of that tube, by becoming distributed in its muscular tunic. This division—which w^e have named the cesopjhageal branch of the pharyngeal nerve—may be traced on the oesophagus to the lower part of the neck, and in some subjects even into the thoracic cavity. 3. Superior Laryngeal Nerve (Fig. 458, 1).— More voluminous than the preceding, and arising a little lower, this nerve follows an analogous course to reach the side of the larynx, where it enters the aperture below the appendix of the superior border of the thyroid cartilage, to be almost, entirely expended in the laryngeal mucous membrane, which it endows with a very exquisite degree of sensibility. At the inner face of the thyroid cartilage, it has several branches that are directed forward, upward, and backward. The first pass to the mucous membrane at the base of the tongue and the two surfaces of the epiglottis. The second are distributed in the lateral walls of the pharynx. Of the third, some go to the mu
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