. Philadelphia in the Civil War 1861-1865 [electronic resource] . for the returned soldier, which many found a losing factor in hisresumption of a civilian life. The three year soldiers did not figureout the cost—they accepted an opportunity to fight for the salvation ofcountry and *Army and Navy Journal, November 19, 1864, page 196. tSeventy-two per cent, of all enlistments were for the term of three years. The average strength of the Union armies, volunteers and regulars, duringthe war, was 809,777. This figure does not include the militia serving as Statetroops. The maximum strength
. Philadelphia in the Civil War 1861-1865 [electronic resource] . for the returned soldier, which many found a losing factor in hisresumption of a civilian life. The three year soldiers did not figureout the cost—they accepted an opportunity to fight for the salvation ofcountry and *Army and Navy Journal, November 19, 1864, page 196. tSeventy-two per cent, of all enlistments were for the term of three years. The average strength of the Union armies, volunteers and regulars, duringthe war, was 809,777. This figure does not include the militia serving as Statetroops. The maximum strength of the land forces (not including militia) didnot reach 1,000,000 men until May 1st, 1865, and the highest number reached was1,000,516. (The Soldier in the Civil War, Frank Leslie Reprints.) 48 TWENTY=THIRD REGIMENT INFANTRY (Birney Zouaves) Colonel David B. Birney to February 17th, Thomas H. Neill to December 13th, John Ely to December 6th, John F. Glenn to September 8th, Enrollment, 1,589 Officers and Men.*. nr HIS regiment was organized under the first call for troops, on April 21st, 1861, under f command of Col. Charles P Dare, being the first regiment that left Philadelphia fully armed and equipped. It was mustered out on July 31st and re-enlisted August 2d under command of Col. David B. Breaking camp at the Falls of Schuylkill, theregiment left in September for Washington. Soonafterward the regiment was recruited to fifteen com-panies, of which twelve were from Philadelphia andone each from Pittsburg, Wilkes-Barre and Birney was promoted February 17th, 1862, asbrigadier-general, and Capt. Thomas H. Neill, of the5th U. S. Infantry, became colonel of the regiment. Atthis time four of the companies were detached to the61 st Pennsylvania Infantry and a fifth was absorbedinto the remaining ten companies. The 23d firstmet the enemy at Warwick Creek, Williamsburgand Bottoms Bridge, losing a few men wounde
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