The American reformed horse book : a treatise on the causes, symptoms, and cure of all diseases of the horse, including every disease peculiar to America ; also embracing full information on breeding, rearing, and management designed for popular use . Lungs. The principal function of the lungs is to arterialize or decarbonize the blood; that is, purify it. This arterialization of theblood, which goes the rounds of the circulation, is more essentialto life than either food or water; for men and animals can existfor several days, perhaps for two weeks, without food, yet thesame can not live over


The American reformed horse book : a treatise on the causes, symptoms, and cure of all diseases of the horse, including every disease peculiar to America ; also embracing full information on breeding, rearing, and management designed for popular use . Lungs. The principal function of the lungs is to arterialize or decarbonize the blood; that is, purify it. This arterialization of theblood, which goes the rounds of the circulation, is more essentialto life than either food or water; for men and animals can existfor several days, perhaps for two weeks, without food, yet thesame can not live over a few seconds unless supplied with a suffi-ciencv of atmosnhpric air. Hence, in a popular sense, pure air isthe breath of life. The functional acts of respiration are necessarily divided intorwo parts • and in cattle the number of respirations are about DISEASES OF RESPIRATORY PASSAOES AND ORGANS. S9 twelve per minute, varying, however, aooording to the tempera-ment of the animal and the condition he may be in at the tim€of making the observation; while in horses the respiratiozis aremore frequent, varying in health, and when at rest, from fburtoen(o twenty-five; yet, under excitement and disease, they sometin^ei?amber over one n* OOHTCRTS or THB THOKAX. llDlitfiATiov.—Fig. 1, Trachn ; 2, Bifurcation of the carotid artery; S, Internal carotUt attMy;4 4, Anterior lobes of tlie Inngs; 5 5 Posterior lobes of the longs; 6, The heart; 7,Ooronaff•rtexy; 8» Cartilages of the false ribs; 9, The diaphragm. When an animal is located in a pure atmosphere, and theInngs are in good working condition, all the impurities containedin venous blood are brought into the presence of oxygen throughthe lining membrane of the air-cells, and thus a change in thecolor and character of the blood is immediately effected. In theftret place, the venous blood, as it appeared before having beenffnhmitted to the action of the atmosphere, was of a dark purple 9Z DADDS VETERINARY MEDICINE AN


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