. A history of the United States. posi-tion was held. For sometime railroad building almoststopped. During these yearsthe settlement of the Westwent on more slowly. The Indian Question.—TheIndians watched the advanceof the settlers with angry feel-ings. Many of them remem-bered that ever since whitemen had landed on the Atlan-tic coast the Indian had beenforced to give up one huntingground after another. As in the colonial days, the settlers onthe frontier were often attacked. The government sent sol-diers to punish the hostile tribes, especially the Sioux andthe Apaches. Several little wars t
. A history of the United States. posi-tion was held. For sometime railroad building almoststopped. During these yearsthe settlement of the Westwent on more slowly. The Indian Question.—TheIndians watched the advanceof the settlers with angry feel-ings. Many of them remem-bered that ever since whitemen had landed on the Atlan-tic coast the Indian had beenforced to give up one huntingground after another. As in the colonial days, the settlers onthe frontier were often attacked. The government sent sol-diers to punish the hostile tribes, especially the Sioux andthe Apaches. Several little wars took place. In a campaignagainst the Sioux in Montana, led by their chief, Sitting Bull,General George Custer, a young cavalry officer who had dis-tinguished himself in the Civil War, and 264 of his trooperswere suddenly surrounded and all of them killed. OnlyCusters horse, Comanche, and a half-breed scout was the last important Indian War. By 1877 most ofthe Indians were placed on reservations, either in the neigh-. -4?Sitting Bull THE RANCHES 457 borhood of their old hunting grounds or in the great IndianTerritory south of Kansas. New Settlements. — With the building of railroads a con-stantly increasing stream of settlers poured into the statesand territories beyond the Mississippi. Part of them werefrom older states and part from Europe. In the year 1883alone, more than 750,000 immigrants entered the UnitedStates, chiefly from Great Britain and Germany. Therealso came thousands of Danes, Norwegians, and of these immigrants settled in Minnesota, Iowa, Ne-braska, and the Dakotas. Unlike the settlers farther east,those who chose lands on the prairies found no forests tosupply them with building material, and were obliged for atime to Hve in sod-houses or dug-outs. Corn or grass wasoften their only fuel. The Ranches. — The earliest settlers on the plains de-pended chiefly on their herds of cattle. The frontiersman inAmerica, whether on the eastern
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