. SOUTH PACIFIC American Samoa (to USA); Australia; Cook Islands (to New Zealand); Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji; French Polynesia; Guam (to USA); Hawaii and central Pacific US dependencies (to USA); Kiribati; Marshall Is; Nauru; New Caledonia (to France); New Zealand; Niue (to New Zealand); Northern Mariana Islands (to USA); Palau; Papua New Guinea; Pitcairn Islands (to UK); Solomon Islands; Tonga; Tuvalu; Vanuatu; Wallis and Futuna Islands (to France); Western Samoa LARGE MARINE ECOSYSTEMS The South Pacific region is comprised of three LMEs: The Insular Pacific-Hawaiian complex, the G
. SOUTH PACIFIC American Samoa (to USA); Australia; Cook Islands (to New Zealand); Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji; French Polynesia; Guam (to USA); Hawaii and central Pacific US dependencies (to USA); Kiribati; Marshall Is; Nauru; New Caledonia (to France); New Zealand; Niue (to New Zealand); Northern Mariana Islands (to USA); Palau; Papua New Guinea; Pitcairn Islands (to UK); Solomon Islands; Tonga; Tuvalu; Vanuatu; Wallis and Futuna Islands (to France); Western Samoa LARGE MARINE ECOSYSTEMS The South Pacific region is comprised of three LMEs: The Insular Pacific-Hawaiian complex, the Great Barrier Reef, and the New Zealand Shelf. Easter Island and Sala-y-G6mez (to Chile), in mid- Pacific, are biogeographically within this region, but politically related to the Southeast Pacific Regional Sea agreement. Insular Pacific-Hawaiian This complex includes many LMEs which are linked by the EEZs (Exclusive Economic Zones) of the islands that they contain. The LME includes Hawaii, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Western Samoa, Northern Mariana Islands, Solomon Islands, Fiji, Marshall Islands, Micronesia and others. Their actual physical extent is defined by the areas of resource extraction associated with adjacent reef biotopes. The area is characterized by very warm surface waters that vary little in temperature over the year. The temperature on the southern boundary of the LME drops to only 22°C in the austral winter (south of New Caledonia) and remains above 24°C in the northern winter (north of the Marianas). Temperatures higher than 29°C are found over almost half the South Pacific region in each hemisphere during the respective summers. The main currents influencing this area are the North and South Equatorial Currents and the Equatorial Counter Current. The El Nino-Southern Oscillation has an important periodical effect on this region. Great Barrier Reef The Great Barrier Reef is the largest single reef system in the world. It extends for 2,000 km from the l
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Photo credit: © The Bookworm Collection / Alamy / Afripics
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookcollectionbiodiversity, bookleafnumber111
