. Kirkes' handbook of physiology . he numberand size of the red corpuscles, and the vigor and efficiency of the circulatoryapparatus in driving the blood to and fro between the lungs and the activetissues, these are conditions of equal, if not greater, importance. It may be as well to state here that the lungs are only the medium for the 243 INSPIRATION exchange, on the part of the blood, of carbon dioxide for oxygen. Theliving tissues are the seat of those combustion processes which consumeoxygen and produce carbon dioxide. These processes occur in all parts ofthe body in the substance of the
. Kirkes' handbook of physiology . he numberand size of the red corpuscles, and the vigor and efficiency of the circulatoryapparatus in driving the blood to and fro between the lungs and the activetissues, these are conditions of equal, if not greater, importance. It may be as well to state here that the lungs are only the medium for the 243 INSPIRATION exchange, on the part of the blood, of carbon dioxide for oxygen. Theliving tissues are the seat of those combustion processes which consumeoxygen and produce carbon dioxide. These processes occur in all parts ofthe body in the substance of the living active tissues, and are the true respira-tory processes, sometimes called internal or tissue respiration. THE RESPIRATORY APPARATUS. The object of the respiratory movements being the interchange of gasesin the lungs, it is necessary that the atmospheric air shall pass into themand that the changed air shall be expelled from them. The lungs are con-tained in the chest or thorax, which is a closed cavity having no communica-. Fig. 218.—Outline Showing the General Form of the Larynx, Trachea, and Bronchi, as seenfrom Before, h, The great cornu of the hyoid bone; e, epiglottis; t, superior, and t, inferior cornuof the thyroid cartilage; c, middle of the cricoid cartilage; tr, the trachea, showing sixteen cartilag-inous rings; b, the right, and b, the left bronchus. X J. (Allen Thomson.) THE LARYNX 245 tion with the outside except by means of the respiratory passages. The airenters these passages through the nostrils or through the mouth, thence itpasses through the larynx into the trachea or windpipe, which about themiddle of the chest divides into two tubes, the bronchi, one to each lung. The Larynx. The upper part of the passage which leads exclu-sively to the lung is formed by the thyroid, cricoid, and arytenoid carti-lages, figure 218, and contains the vocal cords, by the vibration of which thevoice is chiefly produced. These vocal cords are ligamentous bands coveredw
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