. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. 128 W. J. Bock & J. J. Morony jr. Bonn, zool. Beitr. basis of the evidence present in the above cited papers are inconclusive at best. Indeed, with the exception of the series of papers by Ziswiler and his students, most of the presented evidence is inconclusive. It should be noted that the question of the affinities of the passerine finches was peripheral to the central goal of most of these papers. The evidence amassed by Ziswiler provides a far stronger argum
. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. 128 W. J. Bock & J. J. Morony jr. Bonn, zool. Beitr. basis of the evidence present in the above cited papers are inconclusive at best. Indeed, with the exception of the series of papers by Ziswiler and his students, most of the presented evidence is inconclusive. It should be noted that the question of the affinities of the passerine finches was peripheral to the central goal of most of these papers. The evidence amassed by Ziswiler provides a far stronger argument for separating the passerine finches from the Fringillidae than for including them in the Ploceidae, although none of his comparative observations are in conflict with the hypothesis that the Passerinae are members of the Ploceidae. Nest construction remains one of the major pieces of evidence supporting the relationships of the passerines to the weaver finches. Taxonomic expressions for the relationships of the passerine finches have ranged, in recent years, from placing them in a separate family, the Passeridae which are usually placed next to the Ploceidae, to including them in the Ploceidae as a subfamily. Some workers include the ploce- passerine genera in the Passerinae while others exclude them. No recent worker formally included the passerine finches in the Fringillidae or in the New World nine-primaried oscines even if they had suggested that one or more of these genera may be allied to these groups. The preglossale The preglossale (Figs. 1, 2) is a small skeletal element articulating with the anterior tips of the paired paraglossalia of the tongue skeleton; details of its morphology are given in Bock and Morony (1978). ,Msth / stM eg /M hg o. Fig. 1: Dorsal view of the tongue skeletomuscular system of Passer to show the relationship of the preglossale to the rest of the tongue apparatus. The seed-cup has been removed as have the muscles and the paraglossale from
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