. Cyclopedia of farm animals. Domestic animals; Animal products. Fig. 321. A smoker. bee-keepers to attend to a number of hives which would seem incredible to a European bee-master. Full sheets or sometimes only small "starters" of very thin foundation also are inserted in the sec- tion comb-honey boxes to insure rapid work, as the bees naturally dislike so small a comb-frame ; but, finding foundation in it, they work it out. The honey-extractor. (Fig. 322.) After the appearance of the movable-comb hive of Lang- stroth, various aids to bee-keep- ers appeared, the first of which was M
. Cyclopedia of farm animals. Domestic animals; Animal products. Fig. 321. A smoker. bee-keepers to attend to a number of hives which would seem incredible to a European bee-master. Full sheets or sometimes only small "starters" of very thin foundation also are inserted in the sec- tion comb-honey boxes to insure rapid work, as the bees naturally dislike so small a comb-frame ; but, finding foundation in it, they work it out. The honey-extractor. (Fig. 322.) After the appearance of the movable-comb hive of Lang- stroth, various aids to bee-keep- ers appeared, the first of which was Major Von Hruschka's mel- extractor, which removed the honey from combs by centrifugal force. All Americans are familiar with the principles involved. The capping is first removed from the comb by means of a honey-knife, then the combs are placed in wire baskets inside the extractor, the handle of the latter is turned with great rapidity and the honey is thrown from the combs against the side of the extractor. Our American mechanics have greatly improved the original honey-extractor, until now it is almost a perfect instrument. Occasionally the extractor is turned by engine-power. Centrifugal extractors for wax have also been tried, but none is practical. Wax-extractor and honey-press. (Fig. 323.) The most familiar form of wax-extractor is the " solar," working by the sun's heat. It is excel- lent as far as it goes, but leaves too much wax in the slumgum, or residue, to be termed effective. The latest and by far the most useful wax-extrac- tor is the steam wax-press, in which both steam- and screw-pressure are used to force the wax to part from the mass oper- ated on. It costs considerable, but this is more than counterbalanced by the usefulness. It may be used as a honey - press when the bee-keeper de- sires to secure a large production of wax. Where the seasons are long, as in the South and West Indies, there is not the same necessity to use combs over again as in th
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