Meissner Effect, Magnetic Levitation
Superconductors may be considered perfect diamagnets, and completely expel magnetic fields due to the Meissner effect when the superconductivity initially forms; thus superconducting levitation can be considered a particular instance of diamagnetic levitation. In a type-II superconductor, the levitation of the magnet is further stabilized due to flux pinning within the superconductor; this tends to stop the superconductor from moving with respect to the magnetic field, even if the levitated system is inverted. Research from Argonne has revealed that a novel form of superconductivity researchers call "critical superconductivity" may be accessed in a special regime lying at the boundary between type I and type II superconductivity.
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