The laws and mechanics of circulation, with the principle involved in animal movement . hem, in the bladder daringurination, and in the colon and rectum during defecation,since the action in the walls of the abdomen is in concertwith the action in the pelvic viscera; for the parts are fullycoordinated by means of the nerves extending into them fromthe cerebro-spinal axis, and it all performs as but a singleorgan only for expelling the waste products, while the reflexactions for producing it are propagated from sensory impres-sions in the mucous surface of the special viscus; the same THE MESEX
The laws and mechanics of circulation, with the principle involved in animal movement . hem, in the bladder daringurination, and in the colon and rectum during defecation,since the action in the walls of the abdomen is in concertwith the action in the pelvic viscera; for the parts are fullycoordinated by means of the nerves extending into them fromthe cerebro-spinal axis, and it all performs as but a singleorgan only for expelling the waste products, while the reflexactions for producing it are propagated from sensory impres-sions in the mucous surface of the special viscus; the same THE MESEXTERY. 299 mechanics also applying for the contents in the womb. Thismass of intestines, occupying the mid-abdominal regions, is ina manner isolated by the ligament (Fig. 119, 3), the onlypoints of connection being the duodenum above, where the je-junum (i) terminates, and the csecal pouch below, where theileum (.) ends ; and by simply dividing the intestines at thesetwo points, and the ligament (3) connecting it with the lumbarvertebrae, the mass is readily removed from the abdomen;. Eig 119.—The Mesentery. 1, 1, 1, Coils of jejunum : 8, 2, coils of ileum ; 3, ligament of mesentery. while the ligament itself may be spanned by the hand ; this,notwithstanding 15 to 20 feet of intestines in the man, 40 to50 in the horse, and 5>U to 60 in the ox, are thus embraced bythe ligament. Mlrdbile ! Well, by reason of gravitation, theligament in the quadruped (Fig. 25, If) is perpendicular, whilein the erect position of the trunk, as in man (Fig. 120), the vis-cera gravitate against the lower abdominal walls (/, E) and thewidely-expanded ilia, carrying the ligament with them, so thatit now occupies an oblique position in the abdomen {M,E), gravi-tation compelling this circumstance. Of course, the weight in thecolon (c), stomach (s), spleen, and liver (L) is also sustained bv BOO POSITION OF I HE VISCERA IN THE ABDOMEN. the mesentery, but transmitted of necessity to the walls of theabdo
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