. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Veterinary anatomy. 580 URINARY APPARATUS. Solipeds. In them, this cavity is very large, and at the base of the crest shows deep diverticuli that iMmity in the substance of the kidnev. The kidneys of the Pig are simple externally, and voluminous; the hilus gives access to a cavity in which are a number of papillae collected in twos or threes, and covered by calices. The calices and the ureter have tiie same arrangement as in the Ox. (There are 10 or 12 papillse, and as many calices.) 2. Bladder.—The most important difference in the bladder
. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Veterinary anatomy. 580 URINARY APPARATUS. Solipeds. In them, this cavity is very large, and at the base of the crest shows deep diverticuli that iMmity in the substance of the kidnev. The kidneys of the Pig are simple externally, and voluminous; the hilus gives access to a cavity in which are a number of papillae collected in twos or threes, and covered by calices. The calices and the ureter have tiie same arrangement as in the Ox. (There are 10 or 12 papillse, and as many calices.) 2. Bladder.—The most important difference in the bladder of the domesticated animals, consists in the extent of development of its peritoneal envelope. In nonsoliped animals this covers all the organ to the neck; the ligaments are also very short, and the viscus may be easily projected into the abdominal cavity. The bladder is thin, and of considerable capacity in Ruminants and the Pig; in tJie Dog, on the contrary, it has a very thick muscular layer, its fibres forming distinct fasciculi, especially when in a state of retraction. (In Ruminants, the orifices of the ureters are near each other; at the fundus the mucous membrane shows a small fossa, which is continued by a narrow canal that terminates in a Fig. 345. Fig. 346. Fig. KIDNEYS OF THE OX. Fig. 345.—Right kidney, viewed on its upper and external face. Fig. 346.—Left kidney, from its internal and inferior face: a, Pelvis; b, b, b, branches of the pelvis terminating in calices; c, ureter; (i, renal artery. Fig. 347.—The calices in the left kidney. The contents of the hilus, including the branches of the pelvis, have been removed to show the tubercles at the bottom of these calices. Only seven are visible, the others being beneath the borders of the renal fissure. cnl-de-sac, and constitutes a free appendix about half an inch long, and of the thickness of a goose-quill). 3. Supra-renal capsules.—These small organs are discoid in the Sheep and Pig, reniform in th
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