Woodworking for beginners; a manual for amateurs . see Fig. 390). See also page 71. Adjustable wood-carvers clamps can be bought for holdingpieces in position on the bench, and are useful, but by no meansnecessary, as common clamps, or various devices, can be used. The small iron clamps which can be used in place of hand-screws are very useful. For other suggestions about clamping, see Hand-screws. Cleating.—A simple way to join two or more pieces of boardor plank to make a wider piece isto cleat them. If short, they canbe cleated across the ends. Thiscan also be done to keep a singleboard fro
Woodworking for beginners; a manual for amateurs . see Fig. 390). See also page 71. Adjustable wood-carvers clamps can be bought for holdingpieces in position on the bench, and are useful, but by no meansnecessary, as common clamps, or various devices, can be used. The small iron clamps which can be used in place of hand-screws are very useful. For other suggestions about clamping, see Hand-screws. Cleating.—A simple way to join two or more pieces of boardor plank to make a wider piece isto cleat them. If short, they canbe cleated across the ends. Thiscan also be done to keep a singleboard from warping (Fig. 493).Such a cleat should not be gluedunless the width is very slight, onaccount of the expansion and con-traction across the board being somuch greater than that lengthwaysof the cleat (see pages 50-53).Screws (which are best), nails, ordowels should be used, as they willgive some play to the pieces. A groove can also be made in the cleat, into which a tongue on theend of the board is fitted. Grooves can be cut in both cleat and. Fig. 493. Fig. 494. 364 Wood-Working for Beginners board and a tongue or spline inserted (Fig. 494). These areoi)erations best done by machinery. This end-cleating doesvery well on small work and where the tendency to warp is nottoo great. For heavier work, as doors, cleats on the side arebetter, but they are sometimes in the way, and not always desir-able on the ground of looks. This is a strong way. Side cleatsshould be fastened with screws (see Sc?e7is) or clinched nails (seeA^ailing)^ but not with glue, for the same reason as in the case ofend cleats. If the cleat is wide enough, do not put the screws ina straight line, but alternate them (Fig. 368). See pointingand Doors and Fa?iels. Clinching-Nails.—See Nailing. Compasses.—Wing compasses, or those with arc and set-screw, are easy to adjust accurately and will not slip, but, what-ever kind you get, be sure that the points stay where you putthem and do not spring away or wobbl
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