. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. 274 HEPTILIA. carapax; this gives off a fasciculus to the ciently satisfactory; but it is not so with the atlas, which is the splenius colli. long muscles coming from the dorsal or So far, even as regards the small mus- lumbar portion of the spine, which are re- cles of the neck, the analogies are suffi- placed by others having a totally contrary Fig. Myoloyy of the European Tortoise. I, temporal muscle; 3, digastricus; 13, mylohyoides; 16, hyomaxillaris ; 21, transverse muscle, embracing the neck ; 40, obliquus ab


. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. 274 HEPTILIA. carapax; this gives off a fasciculus to the ciently satisfactory; but it is not so with the atlas, which is the splenius colli. long muscles coming from the dorsal or So far, even as regards the small mus- lumbar portion of the spine, which are re- cles of the neck, the analogies are suffi- placed by others having a totally contrary Fig. Myoloyy of the European Tortoise. I, temporal muscle; 3, digastricus; 13, mylohyoides; 16, hyomaxillaris ; 21, transverse muscle, embracing the neck ; 40, obliquus abdominis ; 41, transversus abdominis; 43, attrahens, and 44, retrahens, pelvis; 53, sphincter cloacae; 54, dilator cloaca?; 56, pectoralis major; 57, serratus magnus ; 60 a and 60 b, del- toides; 62, superscapularis, representing the supraspinatus and infraspinatus of other animals; 65a and 65 c, triceps brachii; 66 a, 66 b, biceps brachii; 68, palmaris ; 69, flexor sublimis ; 70, flexoris promndi tendines ultimi; 71, prouator teres; 73, ulnaris internus; 76, radialis externus longus; 78, supinator longus; 82, extensor proprius cligiti minimi; 83, extensores quinque breves digitorum maims; 84, abductor pollicis; 87, lumbricales manus externi; 88, flexores digitorum bi-eves; 91, iliacus intemus ; 94, glutsei pars; 97, triceps femoris abductor; 101, vastus internus; 103, bicipitis cruris pars; 1056, semimembranosis; 106, sartorius; 107, gracilis; 108, extensoris coinmunis digitorum tendo; 109, tibialis auticus; 111, extensor brevis digitorum; 112, extensor proprius hallucis; 1146, gastrocnemius; 117, extremi tendines flexores, plantarem inter et soleuni atque flexorem longum digitorum; 118, flexores breves digitorum pedis; 122, iuterossii digitorum pedis dorsales. (^4/ter Bojanus.) position. Of these, in the land tortoises, and in the fresh-water tortoises, the principal is a thin lamina attached within the carapax to the ribs of the fifth and sixth dorsal vertebrae, and running


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