. Elementary botany. Botany. 328 ECOLOG V. shorter ones. Around the stem a little below the gills is a collar, termed the ring or annulus. 614. Fruiting surface of the mushroom.—The surface of these gills is the fruiting surface of the mushroom, and bears the gonidia of the mushroom, which are dark purplish brown when mature, and thus the gills when old are dark in color. If we make a thin section across a few of the gills, we see that each side of the gill is covered with closely crowded club-shaped bodies, each one of which is a basidium. In fig. 432 a few of these are en- larged, so that th
. Elementary botany. Botany. 328 ECOLOG V. shorter ones. Around the stem a little below the gills is a collar, termed the ring or annulus. 614. Fruiting surface of the mushroom.—The surface of these gills is the fruiting surface of the mushroom, and bears the gonidia of the mushroom, which are dark purplish brown when mature, and thus the gills when old are dark in color. If we make a thin section across a few of the gills, we see that each side of the gill is covered with closely crowded club-shaped bodies, each one of which is a basidium. In fig. 432 a few of these are en- larged, so that the structure of the gill can be seen. Each basidium of the com- mon mushroom has. Fig. 432. Portion of section of lamella of Agaricus campestris. tr, trama; sh, subliymenium; b, basidium; st^ sterigma (//. sterigmata) ; ^, basidiospore. t"ig- 433. Portion of hymenium of Co- prinus micaceus, showing large cystidium in tlie hymenium. two spinous processes at the free end. Each one is a sterig'ma (plural sterig'mata), and bears a gonidium. In a majority of the members of the mushroom family each basidium bears four spores. When mature these spores easily fall away, and a mass of them gives a purplish-black color to object;3 on which they fall, so that a print of the under surface of the cap showing the arrangement of the gills can be obtained by cutting off the stem, and placing the pileus on white paper for a time. 615. How the mushroom is formed.—The mycelium of the. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Atkinson, George Francis, 1854-1918. New York, H. Holt
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