. The anatomy of the domestic animals . Veterinary anatomy. 576 GENITAL ORGANS OP THE STALLION (2) The spermatic veins, which form the pampiniform plexus around the artery. (3) The lymphatics, which accompany the veins. (4) Sympathetic nerves, which run with the arter}^ (5) The ductus deferens. (6) The internal cremaster muscle, which consists of bundles of unstriped muscular tissue about the vessels. (7) The visceral layer of the timica vaginalis. The first four of these constituents are gathered into a rounded mass which forms the anterior part of the cord; they are united by connective tiss
. The anatomy of the domestic animals . Veterinary anatomy. 576 GENITAL ORGANS OP THE STALLION (2) The spermatic veins, which form the pampiniform plexus around the artery. (3) The lymphatics, which accompany the veins. (4) Sympathetic nerves, which run with the arter}^ (5) The ductus deferens. (6) The internal cremaster muscle, which consists of bundles of unstriped muscular tissue about the vessels. (7) The visceral layer of the timica vaginalis. The first four of these constituents are gathered into a rounded mass which forms the anterior part of the cord; they are united by connective tissue, inter- spersed with Avhich are bundles of the cremaster internus. The ductus deferens is situated postero-medially, enclosed in a special fold detached from the medial surface of the tunic; hence it is not visible laterally. The term spermatic cord is to a certain extent misleading as applied to most animals, while in man the structure is distinctly cord-like. In the horse, when the tunica vaginalis is slit open and the "cord" stretched out, the latter is seen to have the form of a wide sheet, the mesorohium, which has a thick, rounded anterior edge, the so-called "vascular part" of the cord. The posterior edge of the mesorchium is continuous with the parietal layer of the tunic; its medial surface pre- sents posteriorly the deferential fold (Plica ductus deferentis). Between the two layers of the mesorchium are bundles of unstriped muscle (cremaster internus) and small vessels. THE TUNICA VAGENALIS The tunica vaginalis is a flask-like serous sac which extends through the in- guinal canal to the bottom of the scrotum. Spermatic vessels and nerves Like the abdominal peritoneum, of which it is an evagination, it con- sists of two layers—parietal and vis- ceral. The parietal layer or tunica vaginalis communis lines the scrotum below; its narrow, tubular part lies in the inguinal canal, and is directly continuous with the parietal perito- neum of the abdom
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