Elements of animal physiology, chiefly human . , guar-dian), or pyloric valve, is a sort of sphincter, or ring-shaped muscle, formed by the reduplication of mucousand muscular membranes of the stomach. It encircles andregulates the size of the pyloric aperture, only allowingjuntil the stomach becomes exhausted from over-work,tine finer portions of the chyme to 5i(r«m through into theduodenum. (See figs. 52 and 55), 264r Large and Small Intestines.—The small intes- 126 ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY. tines, consisting of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, arecoiled up in the abdomen, being enclosed in the me
Elements of animal physiology, chiefly human . , guar-dian), or pyloric valve, is a sort of sphincter, or ring-shaped muscle, formed by the reduplication of mucousand muscular membranes of the stomach. It encircles andregulates the size of the pyloric aperture, only allowingjuntil the stomach becomes exhausted from over-work,tine finer portions of the chyme to 5i(r«m through into theduodenum. (See figs. 52 and 55), 264r Large and Small Intestines.—The small intes- 126 ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY. tines, consisting of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, arecoiled up in the abdomen, being enclosed in the mesentery,and attached by it to the spine. They form a tube about20 feet long. The surface of their interior lining ofmucous membrane is increased by the vcdvulce conniventes,which consist of small transverse circular folds of mucousmembrane, which promote absorption by the gentleresistance they ofiei to the passage of the food. The large intestines commence at the end of i\-\Q ileum, (^lorus. ^tev Tancreaa. Llvar. GaU Bladder.—. /?-Etoraftoh. -Spleen. Ascending Colon., Transverse Ctelon. Colon. Sigmoid Flexureof Colon, Ileum, flcctuni, Fig. 58. Large and Small Intestines, and terminate at the rectum. Their exterior surface,excepting that of the rectum, differs from that of thesmall intestines in being * puckered up. This puckered CLASSIFICATION OF FOOD. 127 appearance is due to three Jlat lands of muscular fibreswliicli run along their exterior, and which, being shorterthan the tube to which they are attached, jDroduce thepuckering referred to. They are about six feet long, andconsist of the caecum, the colon (ascending, transverse, anddescending the sigmoid flexure), and the rectum. The mucous meynhrane lining the interior of both thelarge and the small intestines is more or less coveredwith villi, Peye/s glands, and Lieberhuhii s follicles. 265. Intestinal Digestion.—Chylification.—The chymeyhaving passed into the small intestines, receiv
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