Manual of gynecology . rus is retroverted, and thepouch of Douglas without intestine. the horizon, when a woman is in the erect posture ; and this refinementhas been greatly stimulated by the mechanical treatment of what is knownby many as anteversion of the uterus. In treating of this vexed question we shall consider— 1. The normal form and position of the uterus. 2. The local divisions of the pelvic floor peritoneum a3 viewed throughthe pelvic brim, and the position of the uterus and its annexa. ANATOMY OF THE FEMALE PELVIC ORGANS. 53 3. The physiological changes in the position of the uteru
Manual of gynecology . rus is retroverted, and thepouch of Douglas without intestine. the horizon, when a woman is in the erect posture ; and this refinementhas been greatly stimulated by the mechanical treatment of what is knownby many as anteversion of the uterus. In treating of this vexed question we shall consider— 1. The normal form and position of the uterus. 2. The local divisions of the pelvic floor peritoneum a3 viewed throughthe pelvic brim, and the position of the uterus and its annexa. ANATOMY OF THE FEMALE PELVIC ORGANS. 53 3. The physiological changes in the position of the uterus. 4. The relation of the small intestine to the pelvic floor and to theuterus and its annexa. THE NORMAL FORM AND POSITION OF THE UTERUS. The question of form of the uterus we consider only in the limitedaspect of the angular relation of the long axis of the uterus to the longaxis of the cervix. These are not in the same straight line but, when thebladder and rectum are empty, lie at an obtuse angle of varying va^ Fig. to show the normal form and position of virgin uterus (Schultze). This angle is much less in multiparous women (Fig. 27), and moremarked in nulliparae (Fig. 50). The position of the uterus, with emptybladder and rectum, is such that it lies with its anterior surface touchingthe posterior aspect of the bladder, no intestine intervening : the os exter-num uteri looks downwards and backwards; and the uterus is slightlytwisted as a whole on its long axis, so that the uterine end of the rightFallopian tube is nearer the symphysis than that of the left. We haveexpressly said with bladder and rectum empty. According to long axis of the uterus is nearly parallel to the horizon. This is 54 MANUAL, OF GYNECOLOGY. probably exaggerated, as Schultzes researches were conducted in a waythat certainly anteverted the uterus unduly (Figs. 27 and 50). Manyauthors figure the uterus nearly vertical to the horizon, for this purposedistending the bladder u
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