. Essentials of medical and clinical chemistry. With laboratory exercises . e ammonio-magnesium phosphate(MgNH+P04), the so-called triple phosphate is formed and de-posited in large prismatic, coffin-lid crystals; sometimes also, inragged stellate or aborescent crystals, resembling those of snow.(Fig. 55.) In cases of cystitis this may occur within the bladder;hence other calculi often have one or more white layers of themixed phosphate. 2. Alkaline Phosphates.—These constitute the greater portionof the phosphates, and are made up mainly of acid sodium phos-phate, with traces of potassium phos
. Essentials of medical and clinical chemistry. With laboratory exercises . e ammonio-magnesium phosphate(MgNH+P04), the so-called triple phosphate is formed and de-posited in large prismatic, coffin-lid crystals; sometimes also, inragged stellate or aborescent crystals, resembling those of snow.(Fig. 55.) In cases of cystitis this may occur within the bladder;hence other calculi often have one or more white layers of themixed phosphate. 2. Alkaline Phosphates.—These constitute the greater portionof the phosphates, and are made up mainly of acid sodium phos-phate, with traces of potassium phosphate. Being very soluble,they never form a precipitate. Tests : (a) The earthy phosphates may be detected by theaddition of any alkali e. g. liquor potassae, and gently normal amount produces only a whitish cloud, or opales-cence. 196 ESSENTIALS OF CHEMISTRY. (b) To detect and estimate the alkaline phosphates the pre-ceding should be filtered and the filtrate treated with magnesiamixture. U. S. (V) The total phosphates are best detected and estimated. Ammonio-magnesium Phosphate. by precipitation with the magnesia mixture. If the precipitateis thick and creamy, the phosphates are increased ; if milky,they are normal; and if translucent, they are diminished. (a7) Centrifugal Test.—Fill graduated tube to 10 Cc. markwith fresh urine; add 5 Cc. of magnesia mixture, mix and thenrotate for three minutes at the usual speed of one turn of thehandle to the second. Normally the sediment should occupy tenper cent. Pathologically the phosphates are decreased in gout and mostinflammatory diseases, especially in nephritis. This is a veryvaluable and almost constant symptom. They are increased inwasting diseases of the osseous and nervous systems and markedlyso in the so-called phosphatic diabetes, a disease attendedby the various symptoms of denutrition. Chlorides.—These, normally about 15 Gm. a day, consist 388 Magnesia Mixture, U. S. P. Magnes. Sulph., 10 Gm.; Ammo
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