. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. BULLETIN OF THE No. 67. Contribution from the Forest Service. Henry S. Graves, Forester. March 17, 1914. (PROFESSIONAL PAPER.) TESTS OF ROCKY MOUNTAIN WOODS FOR TELEPHONE POLES. By Norman de W. Betts and A. L. Heim, Engineers in Forest Products. POLE SUPPLY IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION. The rapid extension of telephone and power lines in the West makes the question of pole supply one of increasing importance. Tests described in this bulletin show that both green and fire-killed lodge- pole pine and fire-killed Engelman
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. BULLETIN OF THE No. 67. Contribution from the Forest Service. Henry S. Graves, Forester. March 17, 1914. (PROFESSIONAL PAPER.) TESTS OF ROCKY MOUNTAIN WOODS FOR TELEPHONE POLES. By Norman de W. Betts and A. L. Heim, Engineers in Forest Products. POLE SUPPLY IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION. The rapid extension of telephone and power lines in the West makes the question of pole supply one of increasing importance. Tests described in this bulletin show that both green and fire-killed lodge- pole pine and fire-killed Engelmann spruce will, under certain con- ditions, make suitable pole timbers. Western red cedar has long been the standard pole timber in the Western States. It has held its place mainly on account of its durability in contact with the soil, though its light weight has also been a very desirable feature. The tree (Thuja plicata) grows principally in Washington, Oregon, and northern Idaho. In addition to its wide use for poles, it is extensively cut for lumber, and especially for shingles. In the States south of its region of growth the cost of cedar is high, owing to the great dis- tances over which it must be transported. Moreover, the heavy drain on the available supply must soon result in higher stump- age prices. There are at present in both the Rocky Mountain and Coast Ranges abundant stands of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), often called by local lumbermen "white pine,'' of little value for lumber, but well adapted for poles. Lodgepole pine is not naturally durable in contact with the ground, and for that reason has not been able to enter the field as a competitor of western red cedar. The general adoption of preservative treatment I by railroad and telephone com- panies, however, has changed the situation. At an additional cost for treatment that still leaves the pine pole the cheaper of the two in most of the markets outside the region where cedar grows, the pine may be
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