. Chordate morphology. Morphology (Animals); Chordata. the lienal (splenic) swings around on the greater curvature of the stomach and joins the gastroduodenal branch of the hepatic. A second branch of the gastro-duodenal curves along the underside of the duodenum and connects with the superior mesenteric artery. The second main division of the dorsal aorta is the supe- rior mesenteric. This artery extends out through the mesen- tery where it fans out into a large number of branches serv- ing the small and much of the large intestine. The third stem from the dorsal aorta is the inferior mes- en
. Chordate morphology. Morphology (Animals); Chordata. the lienal (splenic) swings around on the greater curvature of the stomach and joins the gastroduodenal branch of the hepatic. A second branch of the gastro-duodenal curves along the underside of the duodenum and connects with the superior mesenteric artery. The second main division of the dorsal aorta is the supe- rior mesenteric. This artery extends out through the mesen- tery where it fans out into a large number of branches serv- ing the small and much of the large intestine. The third stem from the dorsal aorta is the inferior mes- enteric; this is interconnected with the superior mesenteric, a loop supplying the transverse and descending parts of the colon. The inferior mesenteric also supplies the sigmoid colon and rectum. Feeding into the inferior mesenteric stem are the middle and inferior hemorrhoidals which arise from the hypogastric artery. The kidneys and gonads also receive branches from the dorsal aorta, and there are verte- bral branches extending into the body-wall musculature. Posteriorly the dorsal aorta divides to form two large, common iliac arteries, between which a small middle sacral artery continues posteriorly below the vertebral column. The common iliac artery passes laterally and downward, giving off the hypogastric artery medially and continuing as the external iliac artery into the lower limb. The external iliac artery becomes the femoral artery in the base of the limb. The femoral sends branches to the hip area and to the various parts of the lower limb. Among the mammals there is much variation in the exact arrangement of the various branches but a general pattern is evident. EMBRYOLOGiCAL DEVELOPMENT The dorsal aorta is formed by the fusion of bilateral channels. From it, segmentals extend upward between the myotomes and outward over the yolk sac as the vitelline arteries. Of the several vitellines, a single channel finally develops and later becomes the superior mesenteric. The
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