. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 140 A. A. BOETTCHER AND N. M. TARGETT. Figure 10. Percent metamorphosis of queen conch larvae in response to seawater only (sw. a negative control), hydrogen peroxide (H:0;, 50 ijM). increased KCl (20 niA/) and an extract of Laurencia poitei (20 /jl extract/ml seawater) alone and in combination with 4-acetainino-4'isothiostilbene-2,2'disulfonic acid (50 ^M, SITS) or tetraethylammonium chloride (500/jM. TEA). Points are means ± SD; /; = 5. Data points with the same letter above the error bar are not significantly different a
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 140 A. A. BOETTCHER AND N. M. TARGETT. Figure 10. Percent metamorphosis of queen conch larvae in response to seawater only (sw. a negative control), hydrogen peroxide (H:0;, 50 ijM). increased KCl (20 niA/) and an extract of Laurencia poitei (20 /jl extract/ml seawater) alone and in combination with 4-acetainino-4'isothiostilbene-2,2'disulfonic acid (50 ^M, SITS) or tetraethylammonium chloride (500/jM. TEA). Points are means ± SD; /; = 5. Data points with the same letter above the error bar are not significantly different at P s cAMP levels during conch metamoqjhosis cannot be dis- regarded. However, since salicylic acid (a compound that, like acetylsalicylic acid, can affect cAMP levels) has no effect on conch larval metamorphosis, and since meta- morphosis induced by hydrogen peroxide is unaffected by acetylsalicylic acid, it is unlikely that the effects of acetylsalicylic acid are due to its influence on the cAMP second messenger system. H N 3 COO" I C-H I CH H^C CH. valine HjN COQ- I â C-H ?^. HC - CH3 I CH3 leucine COO' I H N*-C-H CH H^C^ CH^ Isoleuclne Figure 11. Structure of the amino acids valine, isoleucine. and leu- cine. The responses of conch larvae to hydrogen peroxide, DOPA, vanadate, and GABA are consistent with the known roles of second messenger pathways in settlement and metamorphosis, as well as with the known activities of these compounds in other systems. Models for pro- cesses controlling the transduction of metamorphogenic signals in other marine larval systems have drawn on those developed for olfactory responses, involving pri- marily the adenylate cyclase (AC)/cAMP pathway, the phospholipase C (PLO/inositol triphosphate (IP3) path- way, or both (Leitz and Miiller, 1987; Freeman and Ridgeway, 1990: Morse, 1990: Rittschof et al. 1991; Anholt. 1992: Fadool and Ache. 1992: Michel and Ache, 1992: Clare et al., 1995; Brunet et al, 1996). Hydrogen peroxide, vanada
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