The drug plants of Illinois drugplantsofilli44teho Year: 1951 36 ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY Circular 44 1 1/?) -XE 'f^Wi. ^ (^ 1 ' \ f ^ 1 a 1 f ^ n^ ^ GENTAURIUM UMBELLATUM Gilib. {Erythraea Centaurium Pers.) Centaury, bloodwort, bitter herb. Gen- tianaceae.—An erect, usually branched, smooth herb 4 to 20 inches tall, annual; leaves oblong, obtuse, narrowed at the base; basal leaves 1 to 2i/2 inches long; stem leaves opposite, sessile; flowers pur- plish-rose, Yz to ^ inch long, in terminal, dense, compound cymes; fruit an oblong, 2-celled. many-seeded capsule. The herb collected. Not
The drug plants of Illinois drugplantsofilli44teho Year: 1951 36 ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY Circular 44 1 1/?) -XE 'f^Wi. ^ (^ 1 ' \ f ^ 1 a 1 f ^ n^ ^ GENTAURIUM UMBELLATUM Gilib. {Erythraea Centaurium Pers.) Centaury, bloodwort, bitter herb. Gen- tianaceae.—An erect, usually branched, smooth herb 4 to 20 inches tall, annual; leaves oblong, obtuse, narrowed at the base; basal leaves 1 to 2i/2 inches long; stem leaves opposite, sessile; flowers pur- plish-rose, Yz to ^ inch long, in terminal, dense, compound cymes; fruit an oblong, 2-celled. many-seeded capsule. The herb collected. Not known to be established in the state but might be found in the vicinity of large cities; should not be confused Avith American centaury. Contains several active principles, includ- ing erythrocentaurin. Used as a tonic and febrifuge. GEPHALANTHUS OGGIDENTA- LIS L. Buttonbush. Rubiaceae.—A spreading smooth shrub 4 to 10 feet tall; stems often rough-barked; leaves oval to lanceolate, pointed, 3 to 5 inches long, opposite, petioled, entire-margined, more or less hairy beneath; flowers white, small, in dense, globular, peduncled heads; fruit a small capsule, arranged in the same dense, globular heads as the flowers. The bark collected. Abundant in low, wet ground about swamps, ponds, and sloughs and along slow-moving streams. Contains tannin, a substance similar to saponin, two resins, and the glucosides ceph- alanthin and cephalin. Used in the treat- ment of fevers.
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