Fungi, Ascomycetes, Ustilaginales, Uredinales . it with anantheridium, but the relation of a uninucleate antheridium to a multinucleatefemale organ is by no means clear. Degeneration of the superfluous nucleias in Dipodascus might be postulated. For Dangeard, the structure is atrophogone concerned only in nutrition and without sexual significance. The genus Monascus contains some five or six species, of which the mostfully investigated are M. purpurcus and the form studied by Barker andsince named M. Barkeri by Dangeard. This species is used by the Chinesefor the manufacture of an alcoholic li
Fungi, Ascomycetes, Ustilaginales, Uredinales . it with anantheridium, but the relation of a uninucleate antheridium to a multinucleatefemale organ is by no means clear. Degeneration of the superfluous nucleias in Dipodascus might be postulated. For Dangeard, the structure is atrophogone concerned only in nutrition and without sexual significance. The genus Monascus contains some five or six species, of which the mostfully investigated are M. purpurcus and the form studied by Barker andsince named M. Barkeri by Dangeard. This species is used by the Chinesefor the manufacture of an alcoholic liquor known as Samsu. In both species there is an abundant mycelium bearing chains ofovoid conidia; later it assumes a reddish tinge and fruits are formed; theirdevelopment may be traced with some readiness in hanging drop branches of the mycelium cut off each a small, terminal cell whichelongates and bends sideways to form the antheridium (fig. 34). A pro-longation of the penultimate cell grows up alongside it and a trichogyne. Fig. 34. Monascus Barkeri Dang.; development of oogonium,trichogyne and antheridium, X900; after Barker. and oogonium are cut off by transverse walls. The oogonium contains fourto six, and the antheridium three or four nuclei. According to Dangeardthe antheridial (trophogone) nuclei degenerate in situ but other authors findthat fusion takes place between the antheridium and trichogyne and that themale nuclei travel through the trichogyne to the oogonium (fig. 35) wherethey pair with the female nuclei. According to Schikorra, nuclear fusiondoes not occur at this stage in M. purpureas but is postponed till the sexual Ill] PLECTASCALES 75 nuclei have travelled in pairs to the asci, where they unite; but Kuyper, inM. Barken, reports fertilization in the female organ. After the fertilization stage the oogonium enlarges and gives rise to asco-genous hyphae while the an-theridium and trichogyne de-generate. Investing filamentsgrow up to form a
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjectfungi, bookyear1922
