Knight's American mechanical dictionary : a description of tools, instruments, machines, processes and engineering, history of inventions, general technological vocabulary ; and digest of mechanical appliances in science and the arts . g foodrequiring such treatment. The North American In-dians, who had maize, pounded it in this manner tomake a meal or hominy ; large stones in theirvillages formed permanent mortars. Their pestleswere sometimes fortuitous bowlders of convenientshape, sometiujes they were fashioneil into a shapelike a painters muller, or even approximating theform of dum
Knight's American mechanical dictionary : a description of tools, instruments, machines, processes and engineering, history of inventions, general technological vocabulary ; and digest of mechanical appliances in science and the arts . g foodrequiring such treatment. The North American In-dians, who had maize, pounded it in this manner tomake a meal or hominy ; large stones in theirvillages formed permanent mortars. Their pestleswere sometimes fortuitous bowlders of convenientshape, sometiujes they were fashioneil into a shapelike a painters muller, or even approximating theform of dumb-hells. Collections of curiosities aboundwith specimens of this rudimentary Smithsonian Institution has many such fromNorth America and the South Seas. The mortarium, or more trusatilis, was a modifi-cation of this form, and Pliny states the bread madeof the broken grain to be snpeiior, in the estimationof some, to that more closely ground in the mills ofmore perfect construction, and leaves us to infer thatthroughout the greater part of Italy the grain forbread is pounded in a mortar by an iron-shod Romans had great variety of bread, the best andmost fashionable the nlica; also ostrearius (oyster-. Oriental Mill. occnrrinc one, Samson ground in the spoke of his wife giinding for a stranger. TheMaster spoke of the days of tribulation surpris-ing two women gi-inding at the mill. Moses forbadethe taking of the millstone to pledge, as it was amans life,—a daily necessity, a grist for a mealbeing ground at a time. The last of the Egyjitianplagues wa-s the death of the first-boin, from thatof Pharoah that sitteth upon his throne, even untothe first-horn of the maid-servant that is behind themill. The citation seems to include the extremesof the social scale. When the labor of cattle was substituted for thatof mankind, the upper millstone was called jn£taand the lower catillus, such mills being known as GRINDING-MILL. 1019 GRINDING-MI
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