. Cyclopedia of farm crops : a popular survey of crops and crop-making methods in the United States and Canada. Agriculture -- Canada; Agriculture -- United States; Farm produce -- Canada; Farm produce -- United States. 176 EVAPORATIXG AS A HOME INDUSTRY IN EASTERN UNITED STATES. Fig. 260. A kiln ol evaporating apples. about nine to twelve feet above the floor of the furnace room. It is made of shits of hard wood that are about one inch wide on top and one-half inch wide at the bottom, so that they have cracks one-eiiihth to one-fourth inch wide. The cracks are larg:er on the lower side, so as
. Cyclopedia of farm crops : a popular survey of crops and crop-making methods in the United States and Canada. Agriculture -- Canada; Agriculture -- United States; Farm produce -- Canada; Farm produce -- United States. 176 EVAPORATIXG AS A HOME INDUSTRY IN EASTERN UNITED STATES. Fig. 260. A kiln ol evaporating apples. about nine to twelve feet above the floor of the furnace room. It is made of shits of hard wood that are about one inch wide on top and one-half inch wide at the bottom, so that they have cracks one-eiiihth to one-fourth inch wide. The cracks are larg:er on the lower side, so as to prevent clog- ginfj. On such a floor, hops, apples, pears, rasp- berries, and the like are evapo- rated. shows such a kiln filled with apples. This kiln is the com- mon size in New York, 20 x20 feet, and will evaporate one hundred bushels of ap- ples per day, or more if run all night. In this evaporator, two men had charge of the furnace and of six kilns that were evaporating 400 bushels per day. Fig. 261 gives the outside view of a five-kiln evaporator of this type. It show^s the ventilator at the ridge, where the hot air escapes after passing over the fruit. This system is open to the objection that the fruit must be shoveled over from time to time to insure uniform drying. If not skillfully done, some will be too dry while other parts will not be dry enough. The handling itself is likely to damage some fruits. However, a skilled man ove»"comes these objections. The system has some very decided advantages over the tower system. Kilns are cheaper to build, are less likely to take fire, and require much less labor to operate. In some neighborhoods the tower evaporators are now being replaced by the kiln system for evaporating apples. Tower or flue evaporators.—The tower evaporators are the commonest ones in New York, where apple- evaporating has become such a great industry. They consist of a chimney-like structure of wood or "brick extending from the
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