. Biology of the seas of the Marine biology -- Soviet Union; Hydrology -- Soviet Union. THE KARA SEA 231 has been suggested by Hessle (1924) for the Baltic Sea, by the poisonous pro- perties of manganese. As has been pointed out by T. Gorshkova (1957), the percentage of organic carbon in the upper layer of the Kara Sea floor is comparatively small, vary- ing between 0-27 and 1-99. None of these three reasons explains the fact that some animal forms thrive. Fig. 98. Temperature cross section along the Kara Sea from the Karskie Vorota towards NNE to 81° N latitude in mid-September 1946
. Biology of the seas of the Marine biology -- Soviet Union; Hydrology -- Soviet Union. THE KARA SEA 231 has been suggested by Hessle (1924) for the Baltic Sea, by the poisonous pro- perties of manganese. As has been pointed out by T. Gorshkova (1957), the percentage of organic carbon in the upper layer of the Kara Sea floor is comparatively small, vary- ing between 0-27 and 1-99. None of these three reasons explains the fact that some animal forms thrive. Fig. 98. Temperature cross section along the Kara Sea from the Karskie Vorota towards NNE to 81° N latitude in mid-September 1946 (Zenkevitch and Filatova). The thickness of the brown mud layer is given below in cm. on brown mud, notably all echinoderms (especially the brittle stars, asterids and holothurians); some coelenterata (Metridium, Umbellula); some mol- luscs (Pecten) and crustaceans (Mesidothea, Sclerocrangon). Lack of oxygen and high concentration of carbon dioxide are specially marked in the deep-water layer of the Ob-Yenisey region, where the difference in the salinity of the surface and deep-water layers is considerable (P. Lobza, 1945). IV. FLORA AND FAUNA General characteristics The pelagic and bottom life of our northern seas situated east of Novaya Zemlya is several times poorer in numbers than that of the Barents Sea, but as to the qualitative variety of its benthos the fauna of the Kara Sea is not much inferior to that of the Barents Sea. This is all the more remarkable, considering the much more severe climate of the Kara Sea, its smaller size and its inferiority to the Barents Sea as regards the variety of its biotopes. For instance, all littoral fauna is absent from the Kara Sea, and since it does not contain the macrophyte growths so characteristic of the upper level of the Barents Sea sublittoral, very many forms peculiar to this level in the Barents Sea are absent from the Kara Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitall
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