. The principles of chemistry . ourse ofthe reaction—that is to say, it is a case of contact-action. •^^ This decomposition is accompanied by the evolution of about 25,000 calories permolecular quantity, NH4NO3, and therefore takes place with ease, and sometimes withan explosion. . 0 In order to remove any nitric oxide that might be present, the gas obtanied ispassed through a solution of ferrous sulphate. As nitrous oxide is very soluble in coldwater (at 0°, 100 volumes of water dissolve 130 volumes of N.,0 ; at 20°, 67 volumes), itmust be collected over warm water. The nitrous oxide is much
. The principles of chemistry . ourse ofthe reaction—that is to say, it is a case of contact-action. •^^ This decomposition is accompanied by the evolution of about 25,000 calories permolecular quantity, NH4NO3, and therefore takes place with ease, and sometimes withan explosion. . 0 In order to remove any nitric oxide that might be present, the gas obtanied ispassed through a solution of ferrous sulphate. As nitrous oxide is very soluble in coldwater (at 0°, 100 volumes of water dissolve 130 volumes of N.,0 ; at 20°, 67 volumes), itmust be collected over warm water. The nitrous oxide is much more soluble than nitricoxide, which is in agreement with the fact that nitrous oxide is much more easily liquefied 296 PEIXCIPLES OF CHEMISTEY Nitrous oxide is not a permanent gas (absolute boiling point +36°) ;it is easily liquefied by the action of cold under a high pressure ; at15° it may be liquefied by a pressure of about 40 atmospheres. Thisgas is usually liquefied by means of the force pump ^ shown in fig. Fur. 51.—Natterers apparatus for the i)reparation of liquid nitrous oxide and carbonic gas first passes though the vessel V, for drying, and then into the pump (a section of theupper part of the apparatus is given on the left). The piston t of tlie force pump is moved bythe crank E and fly-wheel turned by hand. The gas is pumped into the iron chamber A, where it isliquefied. The valve S allows the gas to enter A, but not to escape from it. The chamber andpump are cooled by the iacket B. filled with ice. When the gas is liquefied the vessel A is un-screwed from tlie jiunip. and the liquid may be iioured from it by inverting it and unscrewing thevalve V, when the liquid runs out of the tube .i: than nitric oxide. Villard obtained a crystalloliydrate, N^OGHoO, which was tolerablystable at 0°. ^1 Faraday obtained liquid nitrous oxide by the same method as liquid ammonia,by heating dry ammonium nitrate in a closed bent tube, one arm of which
Size: 1390px × 1796px
Photo credit: © Reading Room 2020 / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, bookpublis, booksubjectchemistry
