Ontario Public School History of England : Authorized by the Minister of Education for Ontario for Use in Forms IV and V of the Public Schools . as first called on the seaports to furnish and equipa certain number of ships, or, if they preferred, to makea money payment, ship-money, instead. But soonCharles, on the giound that the whole country was inter-ested in protecting commerce, tried to make all the countiespay the tax. At length a Buckinghamshire squire, John Hampden,refused to pay his share of ship-money, on the ground that it was a tax not voted by Parlia-ment. The am
Ontario Public School History of England : Authorized by the Minister of Education for Ontario for Use in Forms IV and V of the Public Schools . as first called on the seaports to furnish and equipa certain number of ships, or, if they preferred, to makea money payment, ship-money, instead. But soonCharles, on the giound that the whole country was inter-ested in protecting commerce, tried to make all the countiespay the tax. At length a Buckinghamshire squire, John Hampden,refused to pay his share of ship-money, on the ground that it was a tax not voted by Parlia-ment. The amount was onlytwenty shillings, but the principleat stake was of great case was tried before twelvejudges, and, though Hampdenlost his case, five of the judgeswere in his favour. Charles con-tinued the tax, but the argu-ments against it went throughthe country and made the peopleless disposed to submit. Meanwhile, Laud, now Arch-bishop of Canterbury, was busyin making the Puritan churchesuse the prayer book and con-duct service according to the Act of Uniformity. In 1604the clergy of the established church had adopted a body. Archbishop Laud 1640] THE HOUSE OF STUART 167 of canons relating to the doctrine of the church and theconduct of pubHc worship. Laud now undertook to enforcethese rules. The Court of High Commission was madethe instrument of his oppression. The Puritans were thegreatest sufferers. Hundreds of their ministers were de-prived of their livings. Some, who openly criticized thepolicy of the king, were sentenced to pay a heavy fine, tobe imprisoned for life, and to lose their ears. So bitter wasthe persecution that thousands of them emigrated to America. 165. Trouble in Scotland.—Charles had put the countryinto a turmoil, but he had gained no wisdom from histroubles. Instead of trying to make matters better inEngland, he turned his attention to Scotland. He chosethis time, of all times, to try to compel the ScottishPresbyterians to use the prayer
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