. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. SIALIDAE AND SCORPION-FLIES 449 at each end so as to form elongate loops; the mesenteron is very- complex in character. A considerable number of fossil re- mains from both Tertiary and Mesozoic strata are referred to Sialidae; and a larval form from the red sandstone of Connecticut has been considered by Scudder to be a Sialid, and named Jlormolucoides articulatus, but the cor- rectness of this determination is very doubtful (Fig. 293). These fossils are, however, of special interest as being the most ancient Insect larvae yet brought to light. A still
. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. SIALIDAE AND SCORPION-FLIES 449 at each end so as to form elongate loops; the mesenteron is very- complex in character. A considerable number of fossil re- mains from both Tertiary and Mesozoic strata are referred to Sialidae; and a larval form from the red sandstone of Connecticut has been considered by Scudder to be a Sialid, and named Jlormolucoides articulatus, but the cor- rectness of this determination is very doubtful (Fig. 293). These fossils are, however, of special interest as being the most ancient Insect larvae yet brought to light. A still older fossil, from the Car- boniferous strata of Illinois called Miamia ironsoni, is considered by Scudder to have several points of resemblance to Sialidae. PiQ. 293. — Mormolucoides articulatus, larva. Trias of Connecticut. (After Scudder.) Fam. IX. Panorpidae—Scorpion-flies. Kead prolonged to form a deflexed leak, provided with palpi near its apex; wings elongate and narrow, shining and destitute of hair, with numerous, slightly divergent veins and moderately numerous transverse veinlets {in one genus the wings are absent). Larvae provided with legs, and -usually with numerous prolegs like the saio-flies: hahits ear- iiivorous. The majority of the members of this family are very readily distinguished by the beak-hke front of the head, this being chiefly due to enlargement of parts of the head itself, and in a less degree to prolongation of the mouth-parts. The upper (or front) face of the beak is formed entirely by the clypeus, the labrum being scarcely VOL. V 2 ^. Fig. 294.—Panorpa communis, male. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Harmer, S. F. (Sidney Frederic), Sir, 1862- ed; Shipley, A. E. (Arthur Everett), Sir, 1861-1927. ed. [London, Macmillan and Co. , Limited; New
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