Archive image from page 35 of Culture of the citrus in. Culture of the citrus in California cultureofcitrusi00cali Year: 1900 ( 28 STATE BOARD OF HORTICULTURE. pulling off of tlie anthers before they burst and allow the escape of the pollen. This process is termed emasculation. In the manipulation of orange flowers mature buds nearly ready to open are selected and the tips of the corolla carefully pried apart until the stamens are exposed. In these flowers the anthers are attached to the filaments by very slender threads, which are easily broken, so that the simplest method of removing the
Archive image from page 35 of Culture of the citrus in. Culture of the citrus in California cultureofcitrusi00cali Year: 1900 ( 28 STATE BOARD OF HORTICULTURE. pulling off of tlie anthers before they burst and allow the escape of the pollen. This process is termed emasculation. In the manipulation of orange flowers mature buds nearly ready to open are selected and the tips of the corolla carefully pried apart until the stamens are exposed. In these flowers the anthers are attached to the filaments by very slender threads, which are easily broken, so that the simplest method of removing the stamens is to pull them off' with fine-pointed forceps. The latter may also be conveniently used in prying apart the corolla lobes of the bud. During the process of emasculation in this and all other eases great care must be exercised not to open the stamens and accidentally pollinate the flower. All insects must be watched and carefully excluded. Fig. 3 shows an emasculated flower ready to bag. Fig. 1—Orange flower bud, Fig. 2—Mature orange flower. Fig. 3—An emasculated showing stage which (Natural size.) orange flower; a, shows should be selected for where anthers were de- emasculation. (Natural tached. (Natural size.) '®-) (After Swingle and Webber.) After emasculating the flower a bag of some closely woven cloth or of paper should be carefully passed over the twig bear- ing the flower and tied around the stem below the flower in such a manner as to effectuallj' exclude all insects and foreign pollen. The manila paper sacks used by grocers are employed almost exclusively for this purpose. In a few days after emasculation and bagging, when the pistils have had time to mature, the sacks must be removed and the pistils pollinated, after which the sacks should be replaced as before and allowed to remain until fecundation has taken place and all danger from the action of foreign pollen is over. In most cases the sacks should then be removed, as they are likely to injhr
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