An American history . ome Rhode Island village. Massachusettsfurther showed her spite against the dissenting settlers by re-fusing to admit Rhode Island into the confederation of NewEngland colonies, formed in 1643 for protection against the In-dians ; and it was not till the colony had received a royal charterfrom Charles II (1663) that it was securely established. Forhis heroic devotion to principles of freedom, far in advance ofhis age, Roger Williams deserves to be honored as one of thenoblest figures in our colonial Connecti- The same year that Massachusetts drove Williams out
An American history . ome Rhode Island village. Massachusettsfurther showed her spite against the dissenting settlers by re-fusing to admit Rhode Island into the confederation of NewEngland colonies, formed in 1643 for protection against the In-dians ; and it was not till the colony had received a royal charterfrom Charles II (1663) that it was securely established. Forhis heroic devotion to principles of freedom, far in advance ofhis age, Roger Williams deserves to be honored as one of thenoblest figures in our colonial Connecti- The same year that Massachusetts drove Williams out of herby emigrants jurisdiction the magistrates gave permission to divers lovingfromMassa- ffnends, neighbors, and ffreemen of Newetown (Cambridge),Dorchester, Watertown and other places, to transport themselves The English Colonies 45 and their estates unto the Ryver of Conecticott, there to resideand inhabit. These emigrants were partly attracted by theglowing reports of the fertility of the Connecticut valley, and. The New England Settlements partly repelled by the extreme rigor of the Massachusetts aris-tocracy of righteousness, which made impossible honest expres-sion of opinion. Led by their pastor, Thomas Hooker, theytramped across the wilderness between the Charles and theConnecticut, driving their cattle before them and carrying theirhousehold goods in wagons, — the first heralds of that mighty 46 The Establishment of the English westward movement which was to continue through two centuriesto the Pacific Ocean. The Connecticut emigrants founded thetowns of Hartford, Windsor, and Wethersfield on the longriver. In 1639 they adopted their Fundamental Constitu-tions,— the first constitution drawn up in America, and thefirst in modern history composed by the free founders of astate.^ They did not require a man to be a church member in
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