. On the anatomy of vertebrates [electronic resource] . witha certain elongation, equaling in someToads two thirds or more of the lengthof the body. A glutinous saliva isspread over the surface: both the pro-trusile and retractile movements are executed with extremevelocity, and thus the insect is seized and swallowed morequickly than the eye can follow, when the Batrachian hasbrought its mouth within the distance at which the tongue canreach the fly. The hyoid being raised and the mandible depressed, the genio-glossi, having their fixed point at the symphysis, raise and jerkforward the free p
. On the anatomy of vertebrates [electronic resource] . witha certain elongation, equaling in someToads two thirds or more of the lengthof the body. A glutinous saliva isspread over the surface: both the pro-trusile and retractile movements are executed with extremevelocity, and thus the insect is seized and swallowed morequickly than the eye can follow, when the Batrachian hasbrought its mouth within the distance at which the tongue canreach the fly. The hyoid being raised and the mandible depressed, the genio-glossi, having their fixed point at the symphysis, raise and jerkforward the free part of the tongue ; at the same instant thetongue is narrowed and lengthened by the action of transversefibres in its substance : the return movements are due to thehyoglossi, acting from the hyoid arch, while this is at the sametime depressed and retracted. In most Frogs the back part ofthe tongue is bifurcate, fig. 350, a, or bilobed (Polypedates) : in 1 ccxxxviii. vol. i. p. 631. 2 In Heteroglossus the tongue is attached by a central pedicle. F F 2. Nucleated and ciliated epithelialmouth of Frog 436 ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES, Oxyglossns it is rounded, as in Toads and some Hylidce, e. ; but here the whole margin adheres: the rarest form, inanourous Batrachians, is that of Rhinophrynus, in which the forepart of the tongue is In Serpents the tongue takes no othershare in the prehension of food than by the degree in which it mayassist in the act of drinking; it is very long, slender, cylindrical,protractile, consisting of a pair of muscular cylinders, in closeconnection along the basal two thirds, but liberated from eachother, and tapering each to a point at the anterior third: theseare in constant vibration when the tongue is protruded, and are ingreat part withdrawn, with the undivided body of the tongue, intoa sheath when the organ is retracted. This act is performed bythe f glossohyoidei, fig. 147, a ; protrusion is effected by the genio-hyoidei, ib. z, z. The o
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