. A treatise on mental diseases. introducedinto the lumen of these vessels, but pressure against the board on which they werephotographed has flattened them, making them appear larger than natural. There arenumerous foci of atheromatosis upon the basilar artery, which is dilated. K., agedsixty-eight years; senile insanity. involutions of the membrana fenestrata, so that until close examina-tion is made it might be mistaken for a multiplied elastica. Thefibrillar are not always arranged in such definite form as in Fig. 14,Plate IV, but twist and turn in a labyrinthine confusion ; occasion-ally,
. A treatise on mental diseases. introducedinto the lumen of these vessels, but pressure against the board on which they werephotographed has flattened them, making them appear larger than natural. There arenumerous foci of atheromatosis upon the basilar artery, which is dilated. K., agedsixty-eight years; senile insanity. involutions of the membrana fenestrata, so that until close examina-tion is made it might be mistaken for a multiplied elastica. Thefibrillar are not always arranged in such definite form as in Fig. 14,Plate IV, but twist and turn in a labyrinthine confusion ; occasion-ally, however, a definite retained fenestrata may be observed entirely SYPHILITIC VASCULAR LESIONS 93 distinct and separated from them. The transverse diameter of anartery of very moderate calibre is often so greatly increased in sizethat it can be distinctly seen in the gray matter with the naked the earlier stages of the process, on staining with fuchsin orsafranin-picric acid, the muscular cells are seen to be undergoing a. Fie. 15.—Congenital Absence of the Eight Posterior Communicating Artery of theCircle of Willis. B., aged fifty-three years; presenile insanity. The arteries showedfibrosis with many atheromatous foci. Reproduced from a photograph. definite hyaline degeneration, with diseolourization and disappear-ance of their largenuclei. Then there begins an hypertrophy byproliferation of the fibrous elements, which, as the increase takes 94 .4 TREATISE ON MENTAL DISEASES place, progressively narrows the lumen of the artery until it is toosmall to admit of an equalized blood current, or becomes filled witha granular half-organized mass. In not a few instances (Fig. 13,
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